Cenad
Cenad ( Tschanad German, Hungarian Csanád, Serbian Cyrillic Canad / Ченад, Latin Urbs Morisena (literally " Maroschburg " ) ) is a municipality in Timiş county, in the Romanian Banat.
Location
Cenad located in the westernmost corner of Romania, north of Sânnicolau Mare ( Greater St. Nicholas ), close to the border with Hungary. The community is located between Maros and Aranka, the Marosch forms a natural border with Hungary. The distance to Timisoara is 80 km.
Neighboring towns
History
In Roman times, was on the territory of today's Cenad a fortress, which was called " Urbs Morisena " or " Civitas Morisena ". 450 penetrated the Huns under the leadership of Attila in this area. The Hungarian King Stephen I commissioned in 1015 a native of Venice, and in 1004 a priest ordained Benedictine monk Gerardus de Sagredo with the Christianization of Hungary.
1000-1030 prevailed in the Maroschburg the Romanian voivode Achtum. After Stephen's army defeated under the commander Chanad Achtum that Maroschburg was named Chanad ( Csanád ). At the same time, King Stephan set up the Csanád bishopric, whose first bishop Gerardus de Sagredo was, and the fortified Csanád became the seat of the county Csanád. After the invasion of the Tartars ( 1241 ) Csanád was completely destroyed. 1701, the Serbian Canad place was on the ruins of the fortress constructed Csanád, later case- Csanád ( Cenadul Mare).
Between 1723 and 1726 some German families were settled. In the years 1764-65 German - Tschanad was extended by Baron Laffort around 139 houses with families from the Sauerland region. 1748-49 A Chapel was built in its place in 1869 today's Catholic church was consecrated. 1858 were the two places, the Serbian and German - Canad Tschanad to wholesale Tschanad, today Cenad, merged.
Even before the war, in January 1945, all German -born men aged 16-45 and women between 18-30 were deported to construction work in the Soviet Union. The land reform law of 23 March 1945 which provided for the expropriation of German farmers in Romania, the rural population deprived the livelihood. The nationalization law of June 11, 1948, provided for the nationalization of all industrial and commercial establishments, banks and insurance companies, whereby all farms were expropriated, regardless of ethnicity. On June 18, 1951, the deportation took place in the Bărăgan - steppe, according to the " plan for the evacuation of elements over a stretch of 25 km, representing their presence a threat to the border area with Yugoslavia " instead. When the Bărăganverschleppten returned home in 1956, they were back in 1945 expropriated houses and farms, the field possession but was collectivized.
On 20 October 2002, the border crossing Vama Cenad ( Cenad - Kiszombor ) was opened.
Documented in writing
Tourist Attractions
- The Romanian Greek Orthodox Church
- The Serbian Greek Orthodox Church
- The Roman Catholic Church
- The Greek Catholic Church
- The monastery " Morisena "
- The Museum of Cenad
Population
Personalities
- Ioan Hategan ( b. 1949 ), Romanian historian
- Karl Telbisz (1853-1914), German mayor of Timişoara (1885-1914)