Satchinez
Satchinez ( German Knees, Hungarian Temeskenéz ) is a municipality in Timiş, Banat, Romania. The municipality includes the villages Satchinez Hodoni and Barateaz.
Geographical location
Satchinez is located in the north of the district Timiş about 25 kilometers from Timisoara, located on the railway line Timişoara Periam and on the national road DN 69 Timisoara - Arad, as well as on the European road 671 The station is Chinezu. The neighboring communities of Satchinez are Gelu in the north, Barateaz, Calacea and Carani in the east, in the southeast and Hodoni Biled in the southwest.
Neighboring towns
History
Documented the place for the first time in medieval documents (1332-1337) was mentioned under the name Kenez. The name of the municipality is of Slavic origin ( Knit or Knyaz ), meaning as much as prince, ruler. This was the head of a Knesats. The Kneses were already in the Middle Ages at the top of the Romanian and Serbian villages.
According to legend, the place name of the Temescher Comes Paul Kinizsy dates (Romanian: Paul Chinezul ) whose origin should have been here. Scientifically proven this is not.
In the Middle Ages, there were Serbs. In 1717, when the Turks were driven out by the Habsburgs, the place was inhabited by Romanians, as you vorfand a scattered village with ten houses. The colonization by Germans took place from 1864. With the settlement of German colonists, the planned expansion of the village began. The Hungarians called the place Temeskenéz.
On 4 June 1920, the Banat was divided into three parts as a result of the Treaty of Trianon. The largest, eastern part, which also belonged Knees, fell to Romania.
As a result of the Waffen-SS Agreement of May 12, 1943 between the Antonescu government and Hitler's Germany all ethnic German conscript men were drafted into the German army. Even before the war, in January 1945, the deportation of all ethnic German women took place between 18 and 30 years and men aged 16-45 years to build labor in the Soviet Union instead. The land reform law of 23 March 1945 which provided for the expropriation of German farmers in Romania, the rural population deprived the livelihood.
As the population along the Romanian- Yugoslav border of the Romanian governance after the rift between Stalin and Tito and his exclusion was classified from the Cominform alliance as a security risk, took place on 18 June 1951, the deportation " of politically unzuverlässlichen elements " in the Bărăgan - steppe, regardless of ethnicity. Romanian leadership aimed at the same time to break the onset of resistance to the upcoming collectivization of agriculture. Bărăganverschleppten When returning home in 1956, they received the 1945 expropriated houses and farms refunded. possession of the field, however, was collectivized.
In 1997 a bilingual place-name sign was attached to the entrance of the village, except on the official Romanian place name Satchinez the place name in Romany, the language of the Roma, Ogav Chiniziticon stands.
Management
Administratively Satchinez belonged in the Middle Ages Csanád and Temes county. After the expulsion of the Turks from 1717 to 1775, Knez was an imperial crown domain, reports directly to the court of Vienna. The subordinate administrative unit was the Timisoara and the Sanktandreser district administration office. From 1775 to 1779 it was under the Timisoara county office. From 1779 to 1849 belonged Temeskenéz the Kingdom of Hungary, Timis county, Wingaer district. After the revolution of 1848 / 49-1867 it was part of the Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat Temeser. From 1867 to 1918, was once again the Kingdom of Hungary. Since 1918 Satchinez belongs to Romania.
Economy
The main occupation of the inhabitants was agriculture, the cultivation of grain was at the center in the 19th and 20th century. This was followed by the planting of fodder and industrial crops and fruit orchards and vineyards. Knees was also known by the horses and cattle. At craftsmen were in place carpenters, carpenters, barbers, Seiler, tailors, butchers, hatters, saddlers and decorator. Added to this were the grocers and restaurateurs. In Satchinez there was around the turn of the century from the 19th to the 20th century, four treadmills, two oil mills, a water mill, a steam mill. At the same time there was also a credit union. Similarly, a post office.
Cultural Life
The town has three churches. The oldest is the Romanian Orthodox, which was built in 1804. The Roman Catholic was built in 1822-1824 and the Serbian Orthodox 1889.
The Romanians and Serbs had in 1777 a trivial school. A German school in Knees 1804 was first mentioned. In 1820 the first school building was erected in 1860 and then built the new school house.
In 1899, there was already the peasant association. In addition, there was the reading club, a club champion, a corpse burial club, the volunteer fire department, a church choir, a brass band, a choral society. From 1948 there was a place in the community center, in which films were shown.
Kneeser Ried
The creek Jer closes with his side channel to place a horseshoe shape. These two watercourses enclose a large area with numerous ponds, pools, islands and peninsulas. The Kneeser Ried is also called the Banat Delta, where a rare and luxuriant vegetation and a broad and diverse range of birds of paradise are. More than half of all bird species live in Romania Kneeser Rezervat.
An area of about 120 hectares have been designated as bird sanctuary Satchinez, plus any other 1070 acres as a buffer zone. Since 1999, the bird sanctuary at Knees in the "Life Nature" program is integrated and is financially supported by the European Union.
Approximately 150 bird species have been recorded in the reserve, of which about 70 of which breed there. Among the birds which are nesting in the reserve: Little Egret, Great Egret, Purple Heron, Grey Heron, Night Heron, Rallenreiher, Bittern, Little Bittern, White Stork, Cormorant, Common Loons, Moorhen, Coot, Lapwing, Pied Wagtail, Wild Duck, Ferruginous Duck, Grey Goose, grain and Small - Rail, great bustard and songbirds such as malaria, bag, tube, bearded tit, various warblers and many more.