Papal conclave, October 1978

The Conclave in October 1978 was held from October 14 to October 16, 1978 in Rome. In the conclave of Krakow, Cardinal Karol Wojtyła was elected as Pope John Paul II. It took two days and eight ballots for his election until the evening of October 16, the new Pope appeared at 19:00 CET clock for the first time on the loggia of St. Peter's.

Coat of Arms of the Holy See Holy See is vacant ( Camerlengo Jean-Marie Cardinal Villot )

John Paul II

The conclave was necessary since Pope John Paul I died in office after only 33 days. Wojtyła was an outsider. Favorites in the first ballots were the two Italian cardinals Giuseppe Siri for the conservative wing and the Archbishop of Florence, Giovanni Benelli, for the more liberal wing.

But both candidates faced each in a stalemate. No one was able to reach the required two- thirds majority. The Viennese Cardinal Franz König finally brought a candidate from Eastern Europe this week. From the sixth ballot, the number of votes for Wojtyła should be skyrocketed, as the non-Italians among the cardinals focused on it as a favorite.

During the enthronement of the new Pope, Cardinal Wyszynski reportedly told Pope John Paul II: " You are called to lead the church and will steadfastly into the new millennium ."

According to the Pope's biographer Andrew English, the John Paul II accompanied several years, Wojtyła was just published in time for the election in which he himself was elected pope.

During the period of vacancy after the death of Pope John Paul I 28 September 1978 to 16 October 1978, the office referred by the following persons were exercised:

• Camerlengo: Jean -Marie Cardinal Villot
• Cardinal Dean: Cardinal Carlo Confalonieri
• Subdean the College of Cardinals: Cardinal Paolo Marella
• Papal Master of Ceremonies: Archbishop Virgilio Noè
• Cardinal Vicar for the Diocese of Rome: Cardinal Ugo Poletti
• Almoner of His Holiness Archbishop Antonio Maria Travia
• Archpriest of the Vatican Basilica: Paolo Cardinal Marella

Participant

At the election again participated 111 cardinals:

• Bernard January Alfrink (The Netherlands The Netherlands)
• Luis Aponte Martínez (Puerto Rico Puerto Rico)
• Juan Carlos Aramburu ( Argentina )
• Paulo Evaristo Arns OFM (Brazil 1968 Brazil)
• Corrado Bafile (Italy Italy)
• Sebastiano Baggio (Italy Italy)
• William Wakefield Baum ( United States United States)
• Giovanni Benelli (Italy Italy)
• Alfred Bengsch ( Germany Democratic Republic in 1949 German Democratic Republic / Federal Republic of Germany Federal Republic of Germany / Berlin )
• Octavio Antonio Beras Rojas ( Dominican Republic )
• Paolo Bertoli (Italy Italy)
• José María Bueno y Monreal (Spain 1977 Spain)
• John Carberry (United States United States)
• Francesco Carpino (Italy Italy)
• Mario Casariego CRS ( Guatemala )
• Mario Luigi Ciappi (Italy Italy)
• John Cody ( United States of America United States)
• Giovanni Colombo ( Italy Italy)
• Terence Cooke (United States United States)
• Thomas Cooray OMI (Sri Lanka Sri Lanka)
• Joseph Cordeiro (Pakistan Pakistan)
• Justin Darmojuwono ( Indonesia )
• John Francis Dearden (United States United States)
• Maximilien de Furstenberg ( Belgium )
• Reginald John Delargey (New Zealand New Zealand)
• Léon- Etienne Duval (Algeria Algeria)
• Dominic Ignatius Ekandem (Nigeria Nigeria)
• Vicente Enrique y Tarancon (Spain 1977 Spain)
• Pericle Felici (Italy Italy ) (cardinal deacon )
• George Bernard Flahiff COD ( Canada Canada )
• Ermenegildo Florite (Italy Italy)
• James Darcy Freeman ( Australia )
• Bernardin Gantin (Benin People's Republic of Benin)
• Gabriel -Marie Garrone ( France )
• Marcelo González Martín (Spain 1977 Spain)
• Paul Gouyon ( France )
• Gordon Gray (United Kingdom United Kingdom)
• Sergio Guerri (Italy Italy)
• Louis -Jean Guyot ( France )
• Joseph Hoffner ( Federal Republic of Germany Federal Republic of Germany )
• George Basil Hume (United Kingdom United Kingdom)
• Narciso Jubany Arnau (Spain 1977 Spain)
• Stephen Kim Sou -hwan ( Flag of South Korea South Korea)
• James Robert Knox ( Australia )
• Franz König ( Osterreich Austria )
• John Joseph Krol (United States United States)
• Juan Landázuri Ricketts, OFM ( Peru )
• Paul -Émile Léger ( Canada Canada )
• Lékai László (Hungary Hungary)
• Aloisio Lorscheider (Brazil 1968 Brazil)
• Joseph -Albert Maloula (Zaire Zaire)
• Timothy Manning (United States United States)
• François Marty ( France )
• Josef Clemens Maurer CSsR ( Bolivia / Federal Republic of Germany Federal Republic of Germany )
• Owen McCann ( South Africa 1961 South Africa)
• Humberto Sousa Medeiros (United States United States)

• Umberto Mozzoni (Italy Italy)
• Aníbal Muñoz Duque ( Colombia )
• Pablo Muñoz Vega (Ecuador Ecuador)
• Mario Nasalli Rocca di Corneliano (Italy Italy)
• Emmanuel Kiwanuka Nsubuga (Uganda Uganda)
• Silvio Angelo Pio Oddi (Italy Italy)
• Maurice Michael Otunga ( Kenya )
• Pietro Palazzini (Italy Italy)
• Salvatore Pappalardo (Italy Italy)
• Joseph Parecattil (India India)
• Giuseppe Paupini (Italy Italy)
• Michele Pellegrino (Italy Italy)
• Paul -Pierre Philippe OP ( France )
• Trevor Lawrence Picachy (India India)
• Sergio Pignedoli (Italy Italy)
• Eduardo Francisco Pironio ( Argentina )
• Ugo Poletti (Italy Italy)
• Antonio Poma (Italy Italy)
• Raúl Francisco Primatesta ( Argentina )
• José Humberto Quintero Parra (Venezuela 1954 Venezuela)
• Joseph Ratzinger ( Federal Republic of Germany Federal Republic of Germany )
• Victor Razafimahatratra (Madagascar Madagascar)
• Alexandre -Charles Renard ( France )
• António Ribeiro ( Portugal )
• Julio Rosales y Ras (Philippines 1944 Philippines)
• Agnelo Rossi ( Brazil 1968 Brazil)
• Opilio Rossi ( Italy Italy)
• Maurice Roy ( Canada Canada )
• Laurean Rugambwa ( Tanzania )
• José Salazar López ( Mexico )
• Eugênio de Araújo Sales ( Brazil 1968 Brazil)
• Antonio Samore (Italy Italy)
• Alfredo Vicente Scherer ( Brazil 1968 Brazil)
• Joseph Schröffer ( Federal Republic of Germany Federal Republic of Germany )
• Giuseppe Maria Sensi (Italy Italy)
• Franjo Seper (Yugoslavia Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia )
• Stephanos I. Sidarouss ( Egypt 1972 Egypt)
• Raúl Silva Henríquez (Chile Chile)
• Jaime Lachica Sin (Philippines 1944 Philippines)
• Giuseppe Siri (Italy Italy)
• Léon- Joseph Suenens ( Belgium )
• Pio Taofinu'u (Samoa West 1949 Western Samoa )
• Hyacinthe Thiandoum (Senegal Senegal)
• Frantisek Tomasek (Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia)
• Joseph Marie Trinh - Nhu Khue - ( Vietnam )
• Corrado Ursi (Italy Italy)
• Egidio Vagnozzi (Italy Italy)
• Avelar Brandão Vilela (Brazil 1968 Brazil)
• Jean -Marie Villot ( France )
• Hermann Volk ( Federal Republic of Germany Federal Republic of Germany )
• Johannes Willebrands (The Netherlands The Netherlands)
• Karol Wojtyła (Poland Poland) ( to John Paul II selected)
• John Joseph Wright (United States, United States)
• Stefan Wyszynski (Poland Poland)
• Paul Zoungrana M. Afr. ( Upper Volta Upper Volta )

The Polish Cardinal Bolesław Filipiak did not attend due to illness, another 15 cardinals were no longer eligible to vote because of their age. This was the first conclave in which the cardinals of Europe were in the minority. Compared to the first conclave in August 1978, only the American Cardinal John Joseph Wright was a new user, who missed due to illness in the election of John Paul I.

Wojtyła was previously largely unknown in Italy. The Archbishop of Guatemala, Mario Casariego, is even - so says an anecdote - have been asking after the unknown cardinal Bottiglia. The similar -sounding Wojtyła he mistook the Italian word for bottle.

Swell

• Poland 's Primate inspires Wojtyla 's election as pope Polish? . Polskie Radio. Accessed on March 14, 2013.
• Prymas Wyszynski wspierał Wojtyłę. ekai.pl. Accessed on March 14, 2013.

Pope elections: 1061 | 1073 | 1086 | 1088 | 1099 | 1118 | 1119 | 1124 | 1130 | 1143 | 1144 | 1145 | 1153 | 1154 | 1159 | 1181 | 1185 | 1187 ( Oct) | 1187 (Dec.) | 1191 | 1198 | 1216 | 1227 | 1241 | 1243 | 1254 | 1261 | 1264-1265 | 1268-1271 | 1276 | 1277 | 1280-1281 | 1285 | 1287-1288 | 1292-1294

Conclaves: 1276 (Jan. ) | 1276 (Jul. ) | 1294 | 1303 | 1304-1305 | 1314-1316 | 1334 | 1342 | 1352 | 1362 | 1370 | 1378 | 1389 | 1404 | 1406 | 1417 | 1431 | 1447 | 1455 | 1458 | 1464 | 1471 | 1484 | 1492 | 1503 (Sept. ) | 1503 ( Oct) | 1513 | 1521-1522 | 1523 | 1534 | 1549-1550 | 1555 (Apr. ) | 1555 (May) | 1559 | 1565-1566 | 1572 | 1585 | 1590 (Sept. ) | 1590 ( Oct) | 1591 | 1592 | 1605 ( Mar ) | 1605 (May) | 1621 | 1623 | 1644 | 1655 | 1667 | 1669-1670 | 1676 | 1689 | 1691 | 1700 | 1721 | 1724 | 1730 | 1740 | 1758 | 1769 | 1774-1775 | 1799-1800 | 1823 | 1829 | 1830-1831 | 1846 | 1878 | 1903 | 1914 | 1922 | 1939 | 1958 | 1963 | 1978 ( August) | 1978 ( Oct) | 2005 | 2013

• Conclave
• John Paul II
• Election 1978
• Religion 1978
• Election at the Vatican