Surigao del Norte

Surigao del Norte is a province in the north-east of the Philippine island of Mindanao. It belongs to the district political Caraga (Region XIII). The provincial capital is Surigao City, the Governor called Sol Forcadilla Matugas.

5.1 Origin of the name
5.2 history
5.3 Political Chronicle

Geography

Surigao del Norte is one of the northernmost provinces of Mindanao and the most important way station on the islands of the Visayas. It includes two large islands, Siargao and Bucas Grande, located in the Philippine Sea. Other smaller islands in the province are Gaboc Channel and Nonoc and Awasan Bay, Hanigad and Hikdop.

On the mainland side of Surigao del Norte on the south by the provinces of Agusan del Norte and Surigao del Sur. To the north lies the island province of Dinagat Islands, while extending to the east of the Pacific Ocean and the west by the historic Surigao Strait of.

Numerous ferries cross the Surigao Strait of between Mindanao and the islands of Leyte to transport vehicles, goods and passengers between Liloan in Southern Leyte and Surigao City.

Much of the coastline is covered with mangroves. This, the salt water preferring trees, occupy an area of 175 km ² along the coast of the mainland and the islands of Siargao.

The province has many caves and underwater tunnels on their islands. Some are flooded most of the time in half and can only be accessed at low tide, as the Suhoton Cave at Bucas Grande Iceland. The largest islands are mountainous and rich in minerals. Nonoc Iceland has, for example, one of the world's largest deposits of nickel. Some smaller islands such as those in Del Carmen, Siargao Iceland, on the other hand are nothing more than a pile of rocks, which rises from the water and is crowned with shrubs and coconut trees. There are also on the mainland but interesting sources, lagoons, waterfalls, mangrove forests, swamps and strudel, which are more interesting for tourism.

The highest mountains are the Mt Legaspi with a summit elevation of 1,170 m on the border of Surigao del Sur, followed by the Mt Agudo, with a height of 1,018 m and Mt Satellite, which overlooks the sea level to 1,016 m. In the province area further the northern part of Lake Mainit is.

In the near Siargao Iceland is the deepest part of the Philippine Trench, the Galatheatief whose basic 10,540 m below the sea surface.

The total area of the province is 2740 km ², which represents 9.67% of the total area of Northern Mindanao.

Demography and language

Surigao del Norte has according to the census of 2000 a population of 374 465 people. It is thus in the demographic statistics of the country's 27 poorest provinces of the inhabitants. The average population density is 193.3 inhabitants per km ², making it the 47th plays in these statistics.

Surigao is home to the ethnic group of the Mamanwa. In addition, the residents of the province mostly of Austronesian origin, with a significant number of Chinese, Japanese and Arabic roots possess. In addition, Europeans and Americans have influenced the culture of this region.

Approximately 95 % of the population use Surigaonon as their main language. In addition, as influences of Cebuano and Boholano can be found along with Tausug accents. A minority languages Waray - Waray uses and Tagalog, with most residents able to communicate well in English because of their education.

The dominant religion is Roman Catholic. Other denominations, such as the Philippine Independent Church, whose headquarters is located on the island of Dinagat Iceland, and various prostetantische denomination directions are also located here.

Economy

Surigao del Norte lives of fishing, agriculture, tourism and of its mineral resources. The fishing grounds of the Philippine Sea and the Pacific provide yellow fin tuna, Indo-Pacific blue marlin, grouper, lobster and many other saltwater fish species. There is also a brackish water areas of 40 km ² and a fresh water area of 87 km ² in total for breeding and fishing for freshwater species.

The islands and small islands are surrounded by the most impressive coral reefs. In addition, mangrove forests, white sandy beaches, mountain lakes, rock formations and underwater caves have enormous potential for tourism. Already, the province of many is visited foreign and domestic tourists who visit the islands and coasts of Surigao for diving, fishing and surfing.

Surigao del Norte is rich in natural resources, especially of metallic as well as mineral resources. In addition to gold, chromite and nickel silicate and limestone is mainly funded by the six major resident in the province of mining companies. The " Red Mountains" in the south of the province are the largest iron ore deposits in the world. The mineral is won in great style by open pit mining, transported on specially built tracks directly to the coast and then shipped there.

Among the agricultural products are abaca, citronella, coconut, banana, pineapple and jackfruit.

Administrative divisions

Surigao del Norte is subdivided into 20 municipalities and a city independently managed.

The municipalities are in turn subdivided into a total of 335 barangays ( districts ). The province is associated with two Congress districts.

City

Surigao City

Communities

Alegria
Bacuag
Burgos
Claver
Dapa
Del Carmen
General Luna
Gigaquit
Mainit
Malimono

Pilar
Placer
San Benito
San Francisco ( Anao - Aon )
San Isidro
Santa Monica ( Sapao )
Sison
Tagana - on
Tubod

History

Origin of the name

The origin of the name, there are various possible origins. The name probably comes from the Spanish word SURGIR, which can be translated as a fast water or flow.

History

The Mananwas, the ethically based in Surigao ethnic group, as well as the Manobos were converted in the early period of the Spanish conquest to Christianity. A collection of grave goods from ancient archeological finds and jars and antique Chinese kitchen items that have been unearthed in Panhutungan, documents this early period of history of the province. The objects can be admired in Surigaonon Heritage Mini - Museum in Surigao City today.

In 1538, the eastern coast of Mindanao, in which the modern province of Surigao del Norte is located, was visited by the Portuguese explorer Francisco de Castro, who found inhabited by the ethnic group of Caraga, the region, the origin of which according to current knowledge in the Visayas lies.

Five years later landed a Spaniard named Ruy López de Villalobos in this area. His navigator, Bernardo de la Torre, named the place " Cesaria Caroli " in honor of the reigning monarch Carlos V. However, the name did not sit by, as the Spaniards named the area after a local chief as " Caraga ".

Jesuit missionaries tried from 1597, the people of Butuan (later the province of Agusan ) and Caraga (later the province of Surigao ) to evangelize, which turned out to be difficult and only temporarily succeeded. They were replaced in 1622 by the Augustinians who founded in 1642 parishes in Tandag and Bislig the places. The Augustinian order until 1875 were present in the area and were then replaced by secular priests. Between 1893 to 1908 took over Benedictine monks missionary work in the region.

On May 23, 1942 Japanese forces arrived under the command of Colonel Yoshie Caraga Butuan and Surigao City. On 28 May 1942, the village was completely under the control of the Japanese troops from Lt. Ichichara.

The liberation from Japanese occupation began on September 9, 1944. U.S. warplanes began the campaign in the early morning with the bombing of the town Surigao. There was an attack on all Japanese ships that lay in the yard of the city to transport fresh troops and supplies to their forces in Leyte. After the attack, no ship was buoyant. Until April 12, 1945, the Japanese were completely defeated and returned to the province of the peace.

Political Chronicle

The original district of Caraga was established in 1609 and included the present provinces of Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, the northern part of Davao Oriental and eastern Misamis Oriental.

In 1860, Mindanao of the Spanish Administration in six districts was divided. Surigao and Agusan, which included the territory between Butuan and the Bay of Caraga were summarized for the third district, was also called the Ostdistrikt. In 1870, he received the designation " Distrito de Surigao "

Towards the end of Spanish rule around 1897 the two present-day Agusan provinces were reorganized into a single political and military commandant of " Butuan ", which initially also included Surigao in their administrative jurisdiction. On May 15, 1901, the American military government established a civil government in the province of Surigao with Prudencio Garcia, Sr. as the first civil governor.

In 1911 the commandant Butuan was separated from the sub- province of Surigao and appointed a separate province with its capital in Butuan Agusan.

On September 18, 1960, a further step took place in the political history of this area, as the great province of Surigao by the Republic Act No. 2736, issued on June 19 this year, in the new provinces of Surigao del Norte and Surigao del Sur divided been.

On August 30, 1970, the municipality of Surigao was awarded with the Republic Act No. 6134 city status.

In 2006 there was a referendum on secession of the territory of the province of Dinagat Iceland Surigao del Norte, with pronounced a narrow majority for the formation of a new province. On 2 December 2006, implemented this requirement and Dinagat Islands appointed 81 province of the Philippines Republic Act No. 9355 with the.

Climate

The province is part of the climate type II, which is characterized by no noteworthy dry season, but a pronounced wet season from November to January. The average rainfall is 3,949 mm per year to 238 rainy days.

Temperatures range from a minimum value of 21.1 ° C in October and rise to a maximum temperature of 35.2 ° C in June.

Attractions

General Luna Beach Nature Reserve Siargao Islands Protected Landscape and Seascape
Wetlands of Del Carmen
The Magpupungko rock formation in Pilar
The Bababu Lake in Basilisa
The Biyabid Waterfalls in Sison
The island Alingkakajaw at Claver
The Mini - Dam Park of San Jose
The Bonok - Bonok Festival in Surigao City
The Surigaonon Heritage Mini - Museum in Surigao City
The nature reserve Mahaba Iceland Protected Landscape and Seascape

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