AgustÃn de Jáuregui
Agustín de Jáuregui y Aldecoa ( born May 17, in 1711 in Lecároz, Navarra, Spain, † April 29, 1784 in Lima, Peru) was a Spanish army officer and politician. From 1773-1780, he served as governor in the Captaincy General of Chile. From 1780-1784 he was viceroy of Peru.
- 4.1 Indian Rebellion
- 4.2 handover and death
Origin and military career
Jáuregui was born the son of Matías de Jáuregui and his wife Juana María de Aldecoa in Navarre. He pursued a military career and went to the New World. In defense of Cartagena de Indias in Colombia today, he was involved and was then in Honduras, Puerto Rico and Cuba in use. He rose to the rank of brigadier and Marshal and was inducted into the Order of Santiago.
In Cuba, he married Luisa de Aróstegui y Basave, who came from Havana. He then returned to Spain.
Governor of Chile
On June 25, 1772 Jáuregui was appointed at the age of 61 years as governor of Chile. He embarked on 16 October in La Coruna with his son Tomás towards Monte video. He reached Santiago de Chile on March 5, 1773 and took the following day into office on. His wife had remained in Spain; they should her husband no longer see each other again and probably died in Pamplona.
Administrative reforms
He forbade the carrying of arms and imposed strict penalties for offenses against public order; He also made contact with representatives of the Indians ( Parliament of Tapihue ) and set up a training center operated by the Jesuits for the indigenous population ( the Colegio San Pablo). Under his Gouvernat the construction of the Cathedral of Santiago started by the Italian architect Joaquín Toesca.
On 29 April 1775, the first postal service of the country was taken. He also ordered a census which showed a population of just 260,000 people in the Captaincy General.
Tax reforms
Even before taking office Jáuregui the tax system was changed from the ground up in 1772. In place of the lease of the control rights to third parties, the direct tax and customs duty came to the Spanish crown. The reform had to be implemented against the fierce resistance of the tax farmers who lost their lucrative business.
Military reforms
Under Jáuregui 1777 militias were first established in Chile: Two regiments of cavalry and an infantry regiment formed up with a total of around 2,200 men. You should better protect the more remote regions in the south of the country against bandits. The king, he proposed a salary reform, which was adopted in 1778 and improved the remuneration of the royal soldiers.
Reforms of the colonial administration
Under Jáuregui Gouvernat the Spanish administration in South America in 1776 reformed fundamentally. The east of the main ridge of the Andes located Cuyo region, which belonged until then to Chile, became part of the newly established Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata.
Viceroy of Peru
In June 1779 Jáuregui was promoted to lieutenant general and thence to the viceroy of Peru. Successor as Chilean governor was an interim basis the Regente of the Real Audiencia of Chile, Tomás Álvarez de Acevedo. Jáuregui took up his new post on July 20, 1780 and was welcomed in Lima by the Peruvian intellectual José Baquíjano with a speech.
Indian Uprising
On November 4, 1780 uprising of the Indians under José Gabriel Condorcanqui broke, the Tupac Amaru II called himself. Jáuregui let down the revolt and arrested Amaru. On May 18, 1781 Amaru was quartered to deter the population, his wife and other leaders of the revolt were also executed. In the years to 1783 were more insurgents were captured, tortured and executed. The trigger of the uprising - the obligation of the Indians for forced labor ( the Repartimento ) - remained and continued to cause considerable resentment among the locals.
Handover and death
Jáuregui handed over his office on 4 April 1784 Theodor de Croix. He planned to return to Spain, but was suddenly taken ill (presumably he suffered a stroke ) and died a few days later on April 29, 1784 at the age of 73 years.