Apostolic Nuncio to Bavaria
The Apostolic Nunciature in Munich was the official diplomatic representative of the Holy See in Bavaria.
History
The Bavarian Hofnuntiatur (1785-1800)
The establishment of the Munich Nunciature arose from the radical religious policy of Emperor Joseph II and the similar term emancipation efforts of the imperial bishops to the pope ( Febronianism ). Bavaria to Austria was the largest Catholic territory in the empire and therefore was for the Catholic Church is an important partner. Also, the Wittelsbach dynasty had already tried for several decades to a direct papal representative in Bavaria, which until then had been only in Vienna and Cologne. In 1785 a so-called Hofnuntiatur was established in Munich
Napoleonic era (1800-1818)
While the "rule " of Napoleon in Europe, with the resulting difficulties of the papacy ( secularization, mediatization, conflicts with Napoleon ) the Nunciature was vacant in Munich. Only after the Congress of Vienna and the Bavarian Concordat of 1817, the Nuncio was reopened on 3 October 1818.
German Bund / German Empire (1818-1919)
Officially voted the territory of the Nunciature in agreement with the Kingdom of Bavaria. However, since the Cologne nuncio was repealed in 1795, the Bavarian Nunciature soon understood as responsible for the whole of the German Confederation. This effort was reinforced by the Empire in 1871.
Weimar Republic (1920-1933)
Several attempts of the German Empire to establish an embassy to the Holy See failed. 1920, however Nuncio Eugenio Pacelli was the Munich ( later Pope Pius XII. ) Also Nuncio to the German Reich. Thus the relationship between the German Empire and the Papal State returned to normal. Despite the establishment of the Berlin Nunciature Munich Nunciature (although now restricted to Bavaria ) remained.
National Socialism (1934-1936)
By the Law on the Reconstruction of the Reich from the January 30, 1934 lost the German states (and thus also of Bavaria) to accredit the right to maintain their own diplomatic missions and foreign envoys. On 30 May 1934, the papal nuncio in Munich was therefore reversed. Spite of this, the then Secretary of State Eugenio Pacelli papal, the Munich Nuncio to secure its extraterritorial rights also after the official termination of its activities. In the context of general measures of the Nazi state against the Catholic Church in Germany in the years 1935/36, the last nuncio in Munich Vassallo di Torregrossa left on 23 October 1936, the city.