Bayerisch Gmain

Bavarian Gmain is a community in the Upper Bavarian district of Berchtesgaden. It is immediately adjacent to Bad Reichenhall. Only the White creek separates the church from the Austrian Großgmain.

• 6.1 traffic

Geographical Location

Bavarian Gmain is nestled between the mountain ranges Unterberg and Lattengebirge. In the north of the municipal territory, the cherry wood is ( a training area with parts in the town of Bad Reichenhall, to 1980 community- free); it is underground from Haselgebirge, a mixture of saline clays and gypsum marls. In the district of Leopoldstal (1906 amalgamated from the dissolved parish of St. Zeno ) was earlier obtained from gypsum. The Weissbach provides a natural and political boundary to the Austrian Großgmain the east dar.

History

" On the Gmain " is a centuries- long used name for the settlement area between the lower mountain and Lattengebirge, Hallthurm and cherry wood.

Already the people of the Bronze Age did the richness of the soil (salt in Reichenhall ) and the convenient location of the environment to appreciate and settled down here permanently. In Roman times, the area was called Mona and has from which then developed the name " Gmain ". As part of a donation by the Bavarian Duke Theotpert (reigned about 711-716 ) to the Nonnberg in Salzburg from the year 712 of the dive, the name of the place on the first time. Around 1100 the Counts of Plain, which made the area of Gmain with the construction of the Plainburg the center of the upper county in Salzburggau appear. Regardless of country manor boundary that divided the widely scattered farms after the decline of plainischen rule in a Bavarian and a half Salzburgische before 1300 ( about 1295), the rural community of the population was always seen as a unit.

The already former ducal Bavarian catchment area of ​​the municipality thus sets itself socially and culturally within the county Berchtesgaden Berchtesgaden from the cultural landscape of the country in the historic boundaries of the prince propst union heartland from and also forms a link to once the Archbishopric of Salzburg belonging Rupertiwinkel.

In the enforcement of the religious life, the canonical unit formed a community -forming principle for all Gmainer. As to the economic mainstream, cultural life in general and education in particular, played the country's border along the White creek hardly matters. Also the diverse kinship ties across the border formed naturally a strong link. Spacers only looked at each Weissbach ending Salzburgische and Bavarian court, which justified its different territorial sovereignty.

Real importance was the state's isolation until 1816, when after a short time the union of the two districts under Bavarian administration, the political differences in the 19th century gained ever greater validity. Despite the formation of two separate communities the feeling of togetherness remained. Equal economic interests, especially in tourism, also contributed to this, as the appropriateness of common technical facilities. The special appeal - and also an obligation - is to protect the common historical heritage at all now -developed self-reliance.

On 1 December 1905, a part of the dissolved municipality Sankt Zeno is incorporated, namely the hamlet Leopoldstal, a small enclave of San Zeno east of cherry wood at Weissenbach.

On November 10, 1926, the community was renamed Bavarian Gmain Gmain.

The community had in 1961 still an area of ​​779 hectares. Your current size reached by integration of the northern part of the former unincorporated territory Forest St. Zeno ( 261.80 acres ) in the late 1970s, which led to a rounding of the municipal territory, and by a further area integration: On January 1, 1981, the to the north lies unincorporated area Kirchholz dissolved and almost two -thirds of them incorporated ( 96.13 by 155.29 hectares ) to Bavarian Gmain. Only Forest St. Zeno is a separate, second district within the community. The other incorporated areas ( Leopoldstal, cherry wood ) belong to the Bavarian district Gmain ( 972.55 acres ).

Religion

The Catholic parish church is dedicated to St. Nicholas of Flue.

The place belongs to the catchment area of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Bad Reichenhall with its Protestant town church.

Policy

Coat of arms

Blazon: In the middle split, the upper panel in silver and blue is riveted, in the lower panel in red are horizontally one above the other two silver fish.

The diamonds refer firstly to the former Wittelsbach rulers as well as on today's Bavaria. The lower part, however, refers to the so-called Gmain or Großgmain, which was under the Archbishopric of Salzburg.

Valid since 1926 official city name Gmain Bavarian refers to a particular territorially -historical situation that led to the adoption Crest 1963 Exemption that the municipality may carry the diamonds in municipal coat of arms. The lower red field with the two silver fish is taken from the coat of arms of the Augustinian provost of St. Zeno in Reichenhall, which had as a basic rule in the municipal area of ​​great importance.

Coat of leadership since 1963 on the legal basis of a decision of the municipal council and the award of the coat of arms by the State Ministry of the Interior after a Ministerialentschließung of 16 September 1963.

Culture and sights

Economy and infrastructure

Bavarian Gmain is a spa town near Berchtesgaden and Bad Reichenhall, and as in the neighboring communities in the Alps is also here, tourism is the main industry of the inhabitants. Since the slump in the bathrooms and Kurbranche, which was particularly felt in the neighboring Bad Reichenhall and is also increasingly in wellness projects such as, for example, invested fun and adventure pools, health -promoting sports propagated (eg Nordic walking, cross-country skiing ) and set to popular sports (eg canyoning ).

In Bavarian Gmain the Bavarian fire department rest house stands today Guesthouse & Restaurant St. Florian called.

Traffic

Bavarian Gmain has its own station on the railway line Freilassing - Berchtesgaden, which is traversed since 2006 every hour of the S-Bahn Salzburg, currently the S4 line.

Personalities

• Hi Bernuth (1872-1960), a painter, book illustrator.
• Hans Erlwein (1872-1914), architect, city planner in Bamberg and Dresden.
• Ines Papert ( born 1974 ), German Sportkletterin and Eiskletterweltmeisterin.
• Claire Waldoff (1884-1957), comedienne, singer.