Bruniaceae

Berzelia lanuginosa

The Bruniaceae are a plant family in the order of Bruniales within the angiosperms ( Magnoliopsida ). This family comprises about twelve genera with about 75 species.

• 3.1 tribes and genera

• 5.1 Literature
• 5.2 Notes and references
• 5.3 External links

Dissemination and evolution

The species of this family are found exclusively in the floral kingdom of the Cape flora, except for one type only in the South African provinces of Western and Eastern Cape, so the Cape floral region; only those on the " Msikaba Sandstone Formation" thriving species Raspalia trigyna also comes outside that area before in a small habitat in the south of the province of KwaZulu -Natal. These species are typical elements of the fynbos. Some species are even endemic to sandstone areas of Table Mountain in Cape Town.

Show pollen finds that it is an old family that already existed in the early Tertiary and in the late Cretaceous period, ie from 65 to 97.5 million years ago. The main development time of family ranged from 18 to 3 million years ago today, at the same time, there was the prevalent even today in this area a Mediterranean climate. The wood type of Bruniaceae is very original, but the other features are not.

Description

Vegetative characteristics

The Bruniaceae are evergreen, small and thick leaves ( " pagan -like ", " ericoid " ) shrubs, rarely there are trees. The (usually five lines ) alternate, entire, with parallel venation leaves carry at the head glands. Stipules occur at most in the form of glandular hairs.

Generative features

The flowers are individually rare, but mostly in aged men or capitate inflorescences and are often surrounded by bracts. The mostly small, hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry and four or fünfzählig. The petals are usually nailed. It's just a circle with four or five arrow-shaped stamens present, which are often fused with the petals (except for Audouinia ). Usually two, or only when Audouinia three carpels are fused into one, usually inferior ovary, rarely is only one carpel available ( Berzelia, Mniothamnea ).

Are formed carpels (similar achenes or seeded nuts) or capsule fruits, to which the calyx is often obtained. The very small seeds are often surrounded by an aril.

The chromosome numbers be n = 10-11 (21, 23).

System

The Bruniaceae family in 1825 by Robert Brown in Augustin de Candolle Pyrame: first published Prodromus systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis, 2, p 43. Type genus is Brunia Lam., Whose botanical name Cornelius Brun honors.

After APG III and R. C. Winkworth et al. 2008, the two families Bruniaceae and Columelliaceae in the reactivated order Bruniales Dum. provided. The position of these two families in the system was discussed at length. For example, in Backlund 1996 were asked to Dipsacales.

A synonym for Bruniaceae R.Br. ex DC. is Berzeliaceae Nakai.

Tribe and genera

The Bruniaceae family comprises three tribes with about twelve genera and about 75 species:

• Tribus Linconieae: it stands in the cladogram at the base. With the single genus: Linconia L.: With about two ways.

• Audouinia Brongn. With about five species.
• Thamnea Sol. ex Brongn. With about seven species.
• Tittmannia Brongn.

• Berzelia Brongn. With about eight species.
• Brunia Lam. (Sometimes called snow bushes ) with about seven species.
• Lonchostoma Wikstr. With about five species.
• Mniothamnea ( Oliv. ) Nied.
• Nebelia Neck. ex Sweet
• Pseudobaeckea Nied. With about three types.
• Raspalia Brongn. At about eleven species.
• Staavia Dahl: With about nine species.

Use

Brunia albiflora is used as a cut flower.

Swell

• The Bruniaceae family in APWebsite. ( Section systematics and description)
• Bruniaceae DC. L. Watson and MJ Dallwitz in: DELTA: The Families of Flowering Plants. ( Description section )