Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic

The Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, correctly Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic (or " Byelorussian SSR " or BSSR, white Russian / Belarusian Беларуская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка, Russian Белорусская Советская Социалистическая Республика ), was proclaimed on 1 January 1919 at the Smolensk, Russia. Capital was Minsk. She was one of four republics, from which in 1922 the Soviet Union was founded. With the proclamation of the Republic of Belarus on 26 August 1991, the BSSR ceased to exist.

Development

The Belorussian SSR was first proclaimed on 1 January 1919. On 27 February 1919, she merged with Lithuania for a few months to Lithuanian - Byelorussian SSR, but this was destroyed by Polish troops in July 1919 during the Polish-Soviet War.

After the defeat of Poland, a Belorussian SSR was established in August 1920 in Minsk reestablished, and in 1922 the BSSR was a Union Republic of the newly established Soviet Union and remained so until the end.

In 1924 and 1926, she was at a few West Russian regions increased ( Mogilev, Vitebsk, Gomel ) and 1932 Autonomous District ( Dsjarschynsk ) established for the Polish minority in 1935 but dissolved again. Instead, came in 1939, according to the Hitler -Stalin Pact, the former Polish territories of Belarus added (including Białystok ), of which the Byelorussian SSR again in 1940 Vilna (Vilnius ) to the Lithuanian SSR ceded.

After the German attack on the Soviet Union, the Soviet Republic from 1941 to 1944 was under German occupation, which brought great suffering to the Belarusian people and up to 2.5 million casualties. Almost all cities and many villages in the country have been destroyed in the summer of 1944, during the retreat of the German occupiers. In appreciation of her extremely costly share in the defeat of Germany in 1945 the Belorussian SSR became (as well as the Ukrainian SSR ) was added next to the Soviet Union as its own founding member of the UN and had its own voice in the General Assembly, but which was made ​​in the block with the USSR.

Since the end of 1991 Belarus ( Belarus) is an independent state.

Population

In the BSSR was founded in 1919, the multi-ethnic character of the population was taken into account by the introduction of four national languages ​​: Belarusian, Yiddish, Russian and Polish.

According to the Soviet census of 1979 the population of the Byelorussian SSR sat essentially of the following ethnicities: