Clarkson Frederick Stanfield
Clarkson Frederick Stanfield, RA (often mistakenly William Clarkson Stanfield ) ( born December 3, 1793 in Sunderland, † May 18 1867 in Hampstead ) was a famous English as far back stage and painter. The name ' Clarkson ' chose his father, James Field Stanfield, a native of Ireland sailor, writer, actor and fighter against the slave trade, after him personally known and admired Thomas Clarkson, the founder of the abolitionist movement.
Life
Stanfield came at a young age in the British Merchant Navy a. In 1808 he was lured with false promises to serve in the Royal Navy, and there mainly promoted by Captain Marryat, who appreciated his diligence and character, but also admired his artistic talent. In 1814 he retired but due to an injury that he incurred during a fall from a mast from. Queen Victoria later described this fall with the phrase "What a lucky tumble ". In 1815 he took on the East Indiaman Warley a trip to China, from which he returned with numerous sketches, which he repeatedly fell back in his later career. Finally, he decided, as a stage and panorama painter to try his luck and got in August 1816 a first job at Old Royalty Theatre ( Well Close Square) in London, which was so successful that it reopened shortly afterwards in the Royal Coburg Theatre moved to Lambeth, where he met David Roberts, with him finally established a lifelong friendship. In this case both supplemented by their different detailed knowledge of navigation ( Stanfield ) and architecture ( Roberts). Stanfield began an early alongside painting easel paintings and participated in exhibitions around since 1820. In 1823 he was co-founder of the Royal Society of British Artists, and in 1829 became president of this society. In 1832 and 1835, he was, from the perspective of art criticism much too late, was elected member of the Royal Academy of Arts and a Royal Academician.
Stanfield was married twice: First marriage to Mary Hutchinson ( * 1799 27 November 1821; marriage on July 20, 1818 in St. Dunstan's, Stepney ). From this first marriage two children were born: William Clarkson Stanfield (* July 25 1819 24 in January 1853 ) and Mary Elizabeth Stanfield (* October 31, 1821 ).
His second wife was Rebecca Adcock (* March 17 1808 12 in June 1875 ), whom he married in Southwark on 15th October 1825. They had 10 children, including (as the second-oldest ) George Clarkson Stanfield, who inherited the artistic talent of his father and also as (Navy ) Painter and draftsman became famous. It did not succeed, however, his life, step out of the oversized shadow of his father.
Stanfield was one of the closest friends of Charles Dickens, for which he drew numerous illustrations for some of the smaller books. 1857 widmetet his book Dickens Little Dorrit Stanfield. After Stanfield's death Dickens wrote of him: "Hey what the soul of frankness, generosity and simplicity The most awesome, the most affectionate, the most loving and the most lovable of men had never for Success at instant spoiled him ... He.. had been a sailor once, . and all the best characteristics are popularly attributed to sailors did, being his, and being in him refined by the influence of his kind, Formed a whole not likely to be seen Often He was on the May 27, 1867 cemetery Kensal Green RC buried.
Work
Clarkson Stanfield was contemporary critics, together with Joseph Mallord William Turner, one of the best marine and landscape painter in England. After leaving the Navy due to illness, he turned first stage painting and eventually reached in this profession a first artistic peak from 1823 at the Drury Lane Theatre in London, where he himself the painter de Loutherbourg surpassed contemporary critics opinion, the earlier had worked at Drury Lane and scenography had given a high reputation. Stanfield perfected his work, and eventually became known for highly detailed dioramas addition to the known seascapes ". There he did more than any painter of his generation in advancing the taste of the public for landscape art" Around the year 1834 heard Stanfield on the stage painting, but helped sporadically and occasionally at the request of his close friends, such as William Macready, Charles Dickens or Benjamin Nottingham Webster, for, founded by this Adelphi Theatre from to paint individual scenes for plays. Wide attention was, inter alia, his extensive (movable ) stage for which took place on June 10, 1838 performance of Shakespeare's Henry V of his friend, director and actor at Drury Lane Theatre, William Charles Macready.
After his resignation from the theater Stanfield painted both oil paintings and watercolors, mostly seascapes and coastal and river landscapes. His first major oil painting " Wreckers off Fort Rouge " he presented in 1827 at the British Institution from.
In his frequent trips to Italy, France, Germany and Holland emerged in the 1830s, many Venetian views and in the 1840s mainly Dutch scenes. Some of this work appeared as lithographs and steel engravings in the travel literature of the time, especially in Travelling sketches in the north of Italy, the Tyrol and on the Rhine (1832 ), Travelling Sketches on the Rhine, and in Belgium and Holland ( 1833), Travelling sketches on the sea - coasts of France (1834 ) and the Sketches on the Moselle, the Rhine and the Meuse ( 1838).
In 1831 he was awarded the contract, the opening of New London Bridge and the harbor Portsmouth by King William IV represent. But his best work was probably the painting Battle of Trafalgar (1863 ), which he produced for the London United Services Club in Pall Mall, where it still hangs today. Other important works are: The Castle of Ischia ( 1841), The Day After the Wreck (1844 ), On the Dogger Bank ( 1846), The Battle of Roveredo ( 1851), Victory towed into Gibraltar ( 1853), and The abandoned ( 1856). Some of his oil paintings with scenes of his trips to the Moselle ( he traveled with a " travel Kahn " ) are also seen in Germany in public collections; for example, in Bonn, Trier and Koblenz. A picture shows the painter at work against the backdrop of the Mosel town of Klotten sitting in his boat and served as cover art for the Sketches on the Moselle, the Rhine and the Meuse ( 1838). Several times he traveled to Italy and by chance he was an eyewitness to the 1839 eruption of Vesuvius. The sight left him a great impression, so that these eventually immortalized in a larger oil paintings.
1870, three years after Stanfield's death, we honored him with a retrospective of his work at the Royal Academy Winter Exhibition. In your overwhelming criticism of the " Times " wrote: "There are no English painters Whose works have won resist and warm popularity outside the artistic pale Stanfield 's practiced command of the artist of composition, his unerring sense of the agreeable and picturesque in subject and. effect, his pleasant and cheerful color and last but not least, the large use to Which he turned his knowledge and love of the sea and shipping ... ( all ) added to the wide spread admiration he had won by his consummately skillful scene painting, ( and ) combined to make him one of the most popular, if not the most popular, of landscape painters. "