Codonopsis

Codonopsis lanceolata ( Sieb. et Zucc. ) Benth. et Hook.

The genus Codonopsis, sometimes called tiger bells, belongs to the family of the bellflower family ( Campanulaceae ). The genus contains about 67 species. It is widespread in East Asia with a focus in the Himalayas and southwestern China.

Features

Codonopsis species are predominantly creeping, prostrate or climbing, rarely erect, perennial herbaceous plants to shrubs. You have tubers as Überdauerungsorgene. The opposite or whorled leaves are arranged with or without petiole.

The five petals are bell-shaped, funnel- shaped or Roehrig, they are large and often pendulous. Some species have a pungent, rancid odor, similar to that of cat urine. The five blue, purple, green, yellow or white petals are fused, the corolla tube is longer than the Kronzähne. It's just a circle with five free stamens present. The pollen usually has seven to nine ( five to ten) furrows ( " COLPAT "). The ovary is dreifächrig and the pen splits into three branches scars.

The dreifächrige capsule fruit is fleshy at first, later it is dry and hard.

The chromosome number is 2n = 16, polyploids can not be excluded.

Ecology

The species of this genus are mountain plants. Pollination is by bees ( Melittophilie ), possibly by butterflies ( Lepidopterophilie ), partly by flies ( Myiophilie ) or wasps ( Sphecophilie ).

System

The genus Codonopsis is one of the bellflower plants in the strict sense ( Campanuloideae ) and will be there in a kinship group with Campanumoea, Canarina, Cyananthus, Leptocodon and Platycodon. The genera Campanumoea and Leptocodon resemble Codonopsis very strong, which is why they are sometimes incorporated in Codonopsis.

Species and their distribution

  • Codonopsis accrescenticalyx - Sikkim (India), Yunnan (China)
  • Codonopsis affinis - Himalaya
  • Codonopsis alpina - Tibet
  • Codonopsis argentea - " Kweichau " (China)
  • Codonopsis benthamii - Himalayas, Sikkim
  • Codonopsis bhutanica - Bhutan, Nepal
  • Codonopsis bicolor - Sichuan (China)
  • Codonopsis bodinieri - " Kweichau " (China)
  • Codonopsis bragaensis - Nepal
  • Codonopsis bulleyana - Yunnan
  • Codonopsis canescens - Sikang (China)
  • Codonopsis clematidea - Djungarian Alatau, Kashmir, Pamir, Tianshan
  • Codonopsis cardiophylla - Hubei (China)
  • Codonopsis chimiliensis - Northern Myanmar
  • Codonopsis convolvulacea - Myanmar, Yunnan
  • Codonopsis cordifolia - China
  • Codonopsis cordifolioidea - Yunnan
  • Codonopsis deltoidea - " Mt Omi " (China)
  • Codonopsis dicentrifolia - Himalaya
  • Codonopsis draco - China
  • Codonopsis farreri - Northern Myanmar
  • Codonopsis foetens - Sikkim, Yunnan
  • Codonopsis gombalana - China
  • Codonopsis graminifolia - Yunnan
  • Codonopsis gray - wilsonii - Nepal
  • Codonopsis griffithii - Himalaya
  • Codonopsis henryi - Hubei
  • Codonopsis hongii - Tibet
  • Codonopsis japonica - Japan
  • Codonopsis kawakamii - Taiwan
  • Codonopsis lanceolata - North China, Japan, Korea, the Russian Far East
  • Codonopsis levicalyx - China
  • Codonopsis limprichtii - Yunnan
  • Codonopsis longifolia - Tibet
  • Codonopsis macrocalyx - Yunnan
  • Codonopsis mairei - Yunnan
  • Codonopsis meleagris - Yunnan
  • Codonopsis micrantha - Kunming area ( Yunnan, China)
  • Codonopsis microtubulosa - Sichuan
  • Codonopsis minima - Korea
  • Codonopsis nepalensis - Nepal
  • Codonopsis nervosa - Tibet
  • Codonopsis obtusa - Kuram Valley ( North-West Afghanistan), " Zagan - tunge, Turkestan "
  • Codonopsis ovata - Himalaya
  • Codonopsis pianmaesis - China
  • Codonopsis pilosa - Yunnan
  • Codonopsis pilosula - Northwest China, Korea, Mongolia
  • Codonopsis pinifolia
  • Codonopsis purpurea - Himalaya
  • Codonopsis retroserrata - Sichuan
  • Codonopsis rosulata - Sichuan
  • Codonopsis rotundifolia - Himalaya
  • Codonopsis silvestris - East Asia
  • Codonopsis subglobosa - Yunnan
  • Codonopsis subscaposa - Sichuan
  • Codonopsis subsimplex - Himalaya, Sikkim, Tibet
  • Codonopsis Tangshen - China
  • Codonopsis thalictrifolia - Himalaya, Sikkim, Tibet
  • Codonopsis truncata - Myanmar
  • Codonopsis tsinlingensis - Shaangxi (China)
  • Codonopsis tubulosa - China
  • Codonopsis ussuriensis - keep rates Northeast Asia
  • Codonopsis viridiflora - East Asia
  • Codonopsis viridis - Himalaya
  • Codonopsis xizangensis - Tibet
Asterids Ovary (botany) Stigma (botany) Dzungarian Alatau
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