Comboios de Portugal
Comboios de Portugal, Entidade Pública Empresarial (CP, EPE or only CP) [ kum'bɔjuʃ də purtu'gał ] listen? / I to German Railways of Portugal, is the national railway company of Portugal.
History
It was founded in 1951 under the name of Companhia dos Caminhos de Ferro Portugueses and renamed in 1975 in Caminhos de Ferro Portugueses, EP - EP stands for empresa pública, public company.
As part of the standard required by the EU liberalization of the rail market, reformed the Portuguese state railway company. Since 1997, the rail network and the associated stations of the speech Ferroviária Nacional ( REFER) to be entertained, the CP is again because mobilidade e controlled by the Instituto dos Transportes Terrestres. Since 2004, the CP advertises its new name Comboios de Portugal ( Railways of Portugal) instead Caminhos -de- ferro portugueses ( Portuguese Railways ). 2009, the last business strain, since the company has been known as Comboios de Portugal, Entidade Pública Empresarial For several years, there is the part of the government's plans to privatize the state railways. Given the parlous fiscal situation in Portugal is currently expected to the early fulfillment, the exact version ( complete privatization, sale of subsidiaries, assignment of scheduled concessions or similar) is still unclear.
Until the European financial crisis, the passenger numbers were steadily risen. 2005 promoted the CP 130.6 million passengers in 2006 133 200 000 2007 134 700 000 and 2008 135 500 000 passengers. 2009 dropped them on 131 270 000 passengers in 2010 to 130.08 million in 2011 and fell to 126.14 million passengers. 2012, passenger numbers fell again to 111.7 million passengers.
Corporate Structure
After the Portuguese railway reform, the CP has spun off its divisions into individual subsidiary companies belonging to one hundred percent of Comboios de Portugal.
- CP Longo Curso, long-distance transport (Alfa pendular, Intercidades, Internacional)
- CP regional, regional transport
- CP Lisboa, Lisbon suburb Network
- CP Porto, Portuenser suburban network
- CP Carga, freight
- CP Frota, maintenance
- CP Serviços, service company
The company is managed by a Board of Directors ( " Conselho de Administração " ), whose term lasts two years and is usually political appointees. Chairman of the Council is Querio Manuel, member of the CDS -PP since 2012.
Investments
Because of spin-offs former business units, business decisions, as well as political desire of the owner, the CP has a wide variety of interests in companies. The information is based on the 2012 Annual Report, as at 31 December 2012.
Operation
CP is running on a railway network with a total length of about 2600 kilometers, ranging from Valença in the north to Lagos and Vila Real de Santo António in the south of the country. Most features of the CP run on broad gauge tracks with a track width of 1,668 millimeters, which are compatible with the track gauge of the Spanish RENFE. In addition, the CP operates several narrow gauge railway companies in meter gauge.
Train types
The company runs services in six different types of trains. In the long-distance transport there is the train type " Alfa pendular " for high -speed trains, for other long-distance trains the genus " Intercidades " is (comparable to Intercity) thought. On mittlereren distances there are faster regional trains of the genus " inter-regional ". The basic offer form in the provinces of the train types " Regional" and in the metropolitan areas of Lisbon and Porto " Urbano ".
For the three international train services to Vigo ( Spain), Madrid (Spain) and Hendaye (France), there is the train type " Internacional ". In addition, wear these three trains each additionally own name.