Court, Switzerland
Court of South East
Court is a municipality in the administrative district in the canton of Bern Bernese Jura in Switzerland.
Geography
Court is located at 666 m above sea level. M., 5 km southwest of Moutier (air line). The former street line village extends over the Jura Mountains, on both sides of the Birs, in the eastern part of the Jura latitudinal Vallée de Tavannes, at the point where the Birs leaves the basin to the north by the Court of Klus (French Gorges de Court ).
The area of 24.6 km ² large municipality area includes the easternmost portion of the valley basin Vallée de Tavannes, in the North of the anticlines of Montgirod ( 1'045 m above sea level. M. ) and the Graitery ( 1280m above sea level. M. ) limited will. Between these two heights, the Birs has created a characteristic Jura transverse valley ( gap through an anticline ), which grants 400 to 600 m high, has rock walls of limestone criss-crossed valley sides and a good insight into the layering structure of the Graitery chain. To the south, the municipality extends to the crest of the Montoz chain, whose northern slope is heavily forested ( Envers de Montoz ). Here is the Grenchen mountain with 1,405 m above sea level on a ridge to the west. M. reached the highest point of Court. On the ridges of Mont Girod, Graitery and Montoz the typical Jura high grazing pastures with standing individually or in groups large spruce trees. In the east, the area includes the valley of the brook Chaluet, who opens below by Court just before the entrance to the gorge, in the Birs. From the municipality surface 1997 4 % related to settlements, 61 % of forest and shrubs, 34% to agriculture and slightly less than 1% was unproductive land.
Court to include the hamlet of Les Condemines (670 m above sea level. M. ) on Chaluet Creek east of Court and numerous individual farms. Neighboring communities of Court are Romont, Sorvilier, Champoz, Moutier and Eschert in the canton of Bern and Gänsbrunnen, Selzach and Grenchen in the canton of Solothurn.
Population
With 1422 inhabitants ( 31 December 2012) Court one of the larger towns in the Bernese Jura. Of the 89.1% inhabitants are French-speaking, German-speaking 6.6 % and 1.0 % portugiesischsprachig (as of 2000). The population of Court rose sharply, especially in 1900. After peaking around 1970 a declining trend since then has been total recorded.
Economy
Even the exit of the Middle Ages also furnaces were operated in Court in addition to agricultural activities, in which the iron was processed from the mines around. In addition, there were 1658-1738 in the valley of the brook Chaluet four glassworks. End of the 19th century Court has changed into a community, which specialized in the art of watchmaking and the machine manufacturing. These two industries have still the greatest importance in the village, but there are still many smaller businesses.
Traffic
The community is conveniently moderately well developed. It lies on the busy busy main road Delémont to Tavannes. By 2015, the A16 motorway to be built in the Vallée de Tavannes, which will connect the Swiss motorway network with the French motorway network. On December 16, 1876, the railway line from Court was inaugurated by Tavannes, on May 24, 1877 followed by the continuation of the Gorges de Court to Moutier.
History
The first written mention of Court was made in 1148 under the name Cort, 1179, names Curt. The village was under until the end of the 18th century, the provost Moutier- Grandval. From 1797 to 1815 Court belonged to France and was initially part of the Département du Mont- Terrible, which was connected to the 1800 Haut -Rhin. By the decision of the Congress of Vienna, the place came in 1815 to the canton of Bern to the district of Moutier. 1996-98 were in a Seitentälchen the Birs west of Court excavations carried out, the Siedlungswüstung of the former village Minvilier (or Mévilier ) brought to light. This village was inhabited from the 12th to the 15th century and was then presumed to have left due to a plague epidemic.
Attractions
Today's Reformed village church was built in 1861-64 in the Gothic Revival style. Court was up to the task of the village to the parish Minvilier. Later a church in Vélé between Sorvilier and Court was built, the cemetery is still available. Since then, Court and Sorvilier form a parish church. Dating from around 1800, the Hôtel de l'Ours, which was resurfaced in 1985 after a fire originates.
In the Gorges de Court ( Klus towards Moutier ) is a natural woodland. The area is not used as of 2000 for the next 50 years, but left to nature. The steep area is easily visible from a footpath along the Birs.