Duke of Norfolk

Duke of Norfolk (English Duke of Norfolk ) is an English hereditary peerage in the Peerage of England, the highest ranking among the dukes of England and thus the highest ranking nobles of the whole of the United Kingdom outside of the royal family. He is also the Earl Marshal, Hereditary Marshal of England.

Current Duke 's Edward William Fitzalan - Howard, 18th Duke of Norfolk ( b. 1956 ), the heir is Henry Miles Fitzalan - Howard, Earl of Arundel and Surrey ( * 1987). The family is traditionally Roman Catholic.

  • 5.1 First Creation ( 1397 )
  • 5.2 Second Creation ( 1481 )
  • 5.3 Third Creation ( 1483 )

History

Precursor

The Norman Roger Bigod († 1107 ) was the first Earl of Norfolk. 1307 ended with the fifth Earl, the male line of the Bigods, titles and estates reverted to the crown. Edward II granted the title in 1312 his brother Thomas of Brotherton. He fell to his daughter Margaret, then at their grandson Thomas Mowbray.

First Creation

First Duke of Norfolk, Thomas Mowbray, who was appointed by Richard II in 1397. Mowbray was given the title and the estates of the Bigod family. In the same year his grandmother Margaret was given the title of Duchess of Norfolk. Until 1476 the family Mowbray remained in the possession of the ducal title, but then died with John Mowbray, 4th Duke of Norfolk, in the male line.

Second Creation

John Mowbray's daughter Anne Mowbray, 8th Countess of Norfolk, was an heiress and was already at the age of five years IV with the four -year-old second son Edwards, Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York, married. The title but 1483 1481 York was also used as the Duke of Norfolk, lost by the titulus regius, a parliamentary decision on the initiative of Richard III. , The illegitimacy York said.

Third award

Instead of York's John Howard was Richard III. appointed to the Duke of Norfolk. All of the following dukes are direct descendants of John Howard.

Subordinate title

The Duke carries out the following subordinate title: Earl of Arundel ( created 1433 ), Earl of Surrey ( created 1483 ), Earl of Norfolk ( created 1644), Baron Beaumont ( created 1309), Baron Maltravers ( created 1330), Baron FitzAlan ( created in 1627 ), Baron Clun ( created 1627 ), Baron Oswaldestre ( created 1627 ) and Baron Howard of Glossop ( created 1869). All titles are in the Peerage of England, with the exception of the Barony of Howard Glossop, which belongs to the Peerage of the United Kingdom.

All titles are inheritable only to male descendants. But the barony Beaumont can also be inherited in the female line.

The eldest son of the Duke leads the courtesy title Earl of Arundel, whose eldest son, those of Baron Maltravers.

Residences

The seat of the Dukes of Norfolk is Arundel Castle in Sussex, although this is outside Norfolk.

They also inhabit Carlton Towers in Yorkshire. The castles and castles of Framlingham Castle, Bungay Castle and Clun Castle are at least partially in ruins. As far as individual buildings still exist, they are not regularly inhabited by the Dukes.

Ceremonial role

At the coronation of British monarchs of the Duke of Norfolk represents all the Dukes in homage.

List of Dukes of Norfolk

First Creation ( 1397 )

  • Thomas Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk ( * 1365, † 1399 ) (repealed 1399 ) Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk ( * 1320, † 1398 ) ( suo jure Duchess of Norfolk and grandmother of Thomas Mowbray )

Second Creation ( 1481 )

  • Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York, 1st Duke of Norfolk ( * 1473, † 1483? )

Third Creation ( 1483 )

  • John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk ( * 1430, † 1485 ) (repealed 1485 )
  • Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk ( * 1443, † 1524) ( restored 1514)
  • Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk ( * 1473, † 1554 ) (repealed in 1547, restored 1553)
  • Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk ( * 1536, † 1572) (repealed 1572)
  • Thomas Howard, 5th Duke of Norfolk ( * 1627, † 1677) ( restored 1660)
  • Henry Howard, 6th Duke of Norfolk ( * 1628, † 1684)
  • Henry Howard, 7th Duke of Norfolk ( * 1655, † 1701)
  • Thomas Howard, 8th Duke of Norfolk ( * 1683, † 1732)
  • Edward Howard, 9th Duke of Norfolk ( * 1685, † 1777)
  • Charles Howard, 10th Duke of Norfolk ( * 1720, † 1786)
  • Charles Howard, 11th Duke of Norfolk ( * 1746, † 1815)
  • Bernard Edward Fitzalan - Howard, 12th Duke of Norfolk ( * 1765, † 1842)
  • Henry Charles Fitzalan - Howard, 13th Duke of Norfolk ( * 1791, † 1856)
  • Henry Granville Fitzalan - Howard, 14th Duke of Norfolk ( * 1815, † 1860)
  • Henry Fitzalan - Howard, 15th Duke of Norfolk ( * 1847, † 1917)
  • Bernard Fitzalan - Howard, 16th Duke of Norfolk ( b. 1908, † 1975)
  • Miles Francis Stapleton Fitzalan - Howard, 17th Duke of Norfolk ( born 1915, † 2002)
  • Edward William Fitzalan - Howard, 18th Duke of Norfolk ( b. 1956 )

Present title legacy is Henry Miles Fitzalan - Howard ( * 1987), it bears the courtesy title Earl of Arundel and Surrey; until the death of his grandfather in 2002 he carried the courtesy title of Lord Maltravers.

Richard II of England House of Mowbray Henry Fitzalan-Howard, 15th Duke of Norfolk Miles Fitzalan-Howard, 17th Duke of Norfolk Edward Fitzalan-Howard, 18th Duke of Norfolk
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