Fantasy (psychology)
Imagination or fantasy (Greek: φαντασία Phantasia - "appearance", " idea ", " dream-vision ", " ghost " ) refers to a creative capacity of human beings. Often, the term is the area of pictorial linked ( memory pictures, mental images ), but can also be related to linguistic and logical services ( ideas). In a narrower sense than imagination or imagination with fantasy meant above all the ability to create mental images and thus an " inner world ". The result of this creative force, the single mental image also means phantasm. In today's parlance, the term " fantasy " usually includes both the ability as well as the result of " fantasizing ". Sometimes the term is also used pejoratively used in the sense of a fiction or a chimera.
Word usage and meaning
Aristotle meant by the idea of phantasia in the aftermath of perception that occurs without awareness.
The Stoics and Epicureans differed between phantasia and phantasma ( = illusion ).
According to Wilhelm Wundt 's imagination is a "thinking in sensual individual performances ," a "Thinking in Pictures". The " phantasy " is a caused by apperceptive synthesis overall performance.
In interpersonal imagination is the prerequisite for empathy, that is, the ability to empathize and "understand" them to other people. Imagination is also an essential prerequisite for creativity and art, but ultimately for purposeful action of any kind without the idea of how a particular problem can be solved, and without the idea of a concrete action objective (purpose, desire) would not be possible purposeful action. Solutions would have to consistently results as either of chance, are considered by " trial and error " or instinct.
Even in the sciences, knowledge is often impossible without imagination. Imagination plays as an important role in the synthesis of empirical observations and findings that are not meaningful without translation performance and interpretation work of the researcher. In chemistry are August Kekulé and emerged in sociology, Georg Simmel as a result- rich delirious. In the futurology Robert Jungk has become known as a representative of a politically engaged " fancy movement " with his future workshop.
In the adjectival use of the word " fantastic " extraordinary things, situations or events are sometimes described, for example: " a fantastic result ", " a fantastic concert ." On the other hand, derogatory statements are possible: "that's too fantastic, I do not think so," which are used interchangeably with " you fantasizing ", "you 're crazy ". In the first case the adjective is used as a superlative to describe positive surprises. On the other hand, implausible, seemingly impossible statements are " fantastic " devalued by classification as as "unrealistic ". A " visionary " is therefore often regarded as " Spinner " or "Crazy " (see also: eccentric ). His imagination, " his imagination takes him through " or is referred to as " flourishing ".
Psychological aspects
Psychologically based on imagination of our imagination ability to remember and other thinking in all its forms possible.
Psychodynamically the occurrence of imagination is expected when shoots can not be lived in reality. The fantasy is by psychodynamic ideas so to speak, a valve for gratification dar.
Early experiments in psychology with students pointed out that the acting out of aggression triggered by insults leads in fantasy for the degradation of aggressive drives. However, this contradicts recent research, the psychology of learning (sensu Bandura ).