Flammulina
Common Samtfußrübling ( Flammulina velutipes )
The Samtfußrüblinge ( Flammulina ) is a fungal genus in the family Physalacriaceae. The mushrooms usually grow in clusters on dead or living wood. The frost- resistant fruiting bodies appear mainly in the winter and are considered edible. In Asian cuisine of the congregation Samtfußrübling is an esteemed edible mushroom and is therefore also cultivated.
The Vernakularname refers to the velvety -coated stem. In the scientific name Flammulina, which from the Latin " flammula " ( = flame) derived the joyous hat colors or the colors were similar Flämmlinge ( Gymnopilus ) Pate.
- 5.1 Literature
- 5.2 Notes and references
Features
Macroscopic characteristics
The gently curved to depressed hat measures up to 6 (-10 ) cm in diameter and has a white, yellow, ocher to orange -brown color. Typical is a pronounced shiny - greasy and slimy hat surface that dries sticky. The gills are free grown up on a stick, but never run down it. The color spectrum ranges from whitish over pale ocher to ocher yellow ocher and brown. The spore powder leaves a white to pale cream-colored imprint. The rooted stem has a cartilaginous - gelatinous consistency and a velvety, fluffy bark. He rarely appears in its full length white to off - white, often only the tip cream to yellow- ocher and the part below is colored brown to black. The meat is cartilaginous - gelatinous, in the stem fibrous- tough and tastes mild.
Microscopic characteristics
The elliptical, slender elliptical, cylindrical - elliptical to cylindrical spores are 6-12 (-14 ) microns long and show in iodine solution and cotton blue no color reaction ( inamyloid or acyanophil ). Most occur both on the fins, as well as on the hat and the handle Zystiden. The hyphae have buckles on the transverse walls.
Species delimitation
Potential doppelganger can be found at the Flämmlingen ( Gymnopilus ) and Schüpplingen ( Pholiota ).
Ecology
The fruit bodies grow mostly tufted, rarely singly on dead or living wood or woody roots of the ordinary beach grass ( Ammophila arenaria ), the Thorny restharrow ( ononis spinosa ) and the Weißblütigen dandruff head ( Cephalaria leucantha ).
Species
The genus contains 13 species, of which occur in Europe 8 or expect to worldwide. The socialized with universal beach oats Mediterranean Samtfußrübling is performed in the mushroom compendium as " Brick Reddish root Rübling " ( Xerula mediterranea ). A note is explained that even genus assignment of this fungus has not yet been secured.