Gennady Nevelskoy
Gennady Ivanovich Nevelskoi (Russian Геннадий Иванович Невельской; * 23 Novemberjul / December 5 1813greg in Drakino at Soligalitsch, .. .. † 17 Apriljul / April 29 1876greg in Saint Petersburg ) was a Russian admiral and explorer of the Russian Far East.
Life
Gennadi Nevelskoi was born in the family of a naval officer on their remote estate in the former district of Kostroma. After visiting the Seekadettenanstalt the St. Petersburg Naval Institute from 1829 to 1832 he also suggested a higher officer's career.
1836 promoted to lieutenant, he took in 1846 on a circumnavigation of Europe under Fyodor Liitke ( Litke ) part. In 1847 he was appointed captain of the sailing ship Baikal, which he held until 1849 crossed the Atlantic and Pacific oceans by 1848. The aim of the trip was exploring the sea area around Sakhalin and the surrounding coasts, to which the Russian Empire wanted to expand his influence. 1849 reached Nevelskoi the first Russian sailors the mouth of the Amur, and dismissed their navigability and the existence of Tatarensunds, a strait between Sakhalin and the mainland which connects the Okhotsk with the Sea of Japan ( in Russia and Europe was 40 years previously executed mapping Sakhalin by the Japanese sailors Mamiya Rinzo not known). After he had sent the ship for the winter to Petropavlovsk in Kamchatka, Nevelskoi returned from Okhotsk overland to St. Petersburg, where he was received by the Tsar Nikolai I.. This ordered another expedition to the taking of the mouth of the Amur by Russia.
On the way back to the Far East Nevelskoi married during a sojourn in Irkutsk Ekaterina Jeltschaninowa (1832-1879), further accompanied him on the expedition. From Nevelskoi or at his command in the Amur expedition a number of military posts along the coasts of Sakhalin and the mainland were established in 1850-1855, among other things, instead of today's cities Nikolaievsk -on-Amur, Sovetskaya Gavan and Korsakov. This was one of the most important actions that eventually led to the 1858 Treaty of Aigun, according to which Russia expanded significantly in the Far East.
1854 Nevelskoi was promoted to Rear Admiral and took part in the pre-accession of warships and troops across the Amur - more than at this time not yet officially to the Russian Empire area forming - in part, the one under the command of the Governor General of Eastern Siberia Nikolai Murawjow - Amur to defend against feared attack was carried out by one operating in the Pacific Anglo- French naval force in the context of the Crimean War.
1864 Nevelskoi became a vice-admiral, 1874 promoted to admiral. He died in 1876 in St. Petersburg, where he is buried in the Novodevichy Cemetery ( not to be confused with the eponymous cemetery in Moscow).
After Nevelskoi discovered by him narrowest section of the strait between Sakhalin and the mainland was named, as well as an elongated bay on the west coast of Sakhalin, which forms the eastern part of the Tatarensunds, the city situated on this bay Newelsk and a 1428 meter high mountain in the east-central part the island of Sakhalin.
Monuments for Nevelskoi were in Vladivostok ( 1897), Nikolaievsk built on-Amur, Khabarovsk and Soligalitsch. According to him, the National Maritime University in Vladivostok and a Large landing ship of the Russian Pacific fleet are named.