Heinrich Friedrich Theodor Kohlrausch

Friedrich Kohlrausch (* November 15, 1780 in Landolfshausen; † January 30, 1867 in Hanover; Complete name Heinrich Friedrich Theodor Kohlrausch ) was an educator and Royal Hanoverian general principal.

Life

Until 1789 Kohlrausch attended elementary school in Landolfshausen before he moved under the care of related families, to Hanover. There he first came to the high school (later Ratsgymnasium ) at the Market Church and then attended the palace school. Here are Johann Christoph Salfeld, Abbot of Loccum, and Kohlrausch's confirmation teacher Gottfried Less have had a not insignificant influence on him. From 1799 studied Kohlrausch theology in Göttingen, completed his exams in 1802 from Hanover and subsequently attended as an educator of Count Wolf of Baudissin nor the universities of Berlin, Kiel and Heidelberg. With his studies in Kiel Kohlrausch joined a move away from theology, which also was clear in 1806, when he dealt in Göttingen with subjects such as history, literature and Roman legal history. At that time arose in him the desire to start again in Göttingen a career as an academic lecturer. During his stay in the following year in Heidelberg Kohlrausch made ​​contact with Heinrich Voss, Clemens Brentano and Achim von Arnim. During a subsequent trip to Switzerland he met Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi. The gradual shift to pedagogy strengthened in 1808 even when he returned to Göttingen, listeners of the College of Johann Friedrich Herbart was. At the same time Kohlrausch also appeared in Herbart's " educational society " and took with him, Georg Ludolf Dissen and Friedrich Thiersch first literary attempts. In 1810 he became a teacher in Barmen, 1814 in Dusseldorf. From 1818 onwards he was a school board in Münster, where he introduced 1823 regular directors' conferences of all heads of secondary schools, which were later adopted throughout Prussia. Between 1825 and 1829 he was club director of the Association for History and Archaeology of Westphalia, Münster division.

1830 called for the Hanoverian government Kohlrausch as chief inspector and inspector general of the learned schools. In this function (since 1864 as General Principal ) unified and he reformed the higher education system in the Kingdom of Hanover especially after the Prussian model. This included the introduction of a baccalaureate (1846), the standardization of spelling and the reform of the curriculum through more attention to science, history and gymnastics. Kohlrausch authored textbooks, especially for history lessons that have been published in numerous editions and translated into several languages. Kohlrausch was an associate member of the Hanoverian State Council.

Friedrich Kohlrausch is regarded as the father of a German family of scholars of the 19th century. His sons were Rudolf H. Arnt Kohlrausch ( physicist ), Friedrich Ernst Wolff Kohlrausch ( 1812-1895 ), rector of the Real School of Johanneums in Lüneburg, and the doctor Otto Kohlrausch ( 1811-1854 ). Known descendants are the physicist Friedrich Kohlrausch, author of the physics textbook " The Kohlrausch ," legal scholar Eduard Kohlrausch and sports medicine Wolfgang Kohlrausch ( 1888-1980 ).

Writings

  • Chronological outline of world history for the youth classes. 2nd edition, Büschler, Elberfeld, 1815 ( digitized ); 3rd edition 1818 (online); 15th edition 1861; 13, improved and enlarged edition, Friedlein & Hirsch, Leipzig 1845 ( digitized )
  • The German history for school and home. , 1816; 14th edition 1858 ( Volume 1 online); 15th edition Hahn, Hannover 1866. English translation: A History of Germany. From the Earliest Period to the Present Time. Chapman and Hall, London 1844; another edition of the same translation New York in 1880; French translation, Brussels 1841.
  • Summary of the German history. Büschler, Elberfeld, 1822. 11th, corrected and enlarged edition. Bertelsmann, Gütersloh 1872 (online).
  • The higher education system in the Kingdom of Hanover since its organization in 1830. Culemann, Hannover 1855.
  • Memories from my life.. Hahn, Hannover 1863 ( digitized by Google Books; further digitized ) W. A. Passow: review. In: Journal of the high school activities 18 (1864 ), pp. 285-290.

Awards

  • Knight of the Order of Guelph
Wolf Heinrich Graf von Baudissin Ludwig Achim von Arnim Kolleg Rudolf Kohlrausch Knight's Cross Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie Integrated Authority File
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