Joseph Estrada
Joseph Estrada ( Erap also ) ( born April 19, 1937 in Tondo ), actually: Jose Marcelo Ejercito, is a Filipino actor and politician. From 11 May 1992 until 30 June 1998 he was Vice President and then until 20 January 2001, President of the Philippines.
Life
He was born in Tondo, now a suburb of the capital Manila, born into a family of lower middle class. He studied at the Ateneo de Manila University, but left that and went with an engineering degree from the Mapua Institute of Technology on. He then broke off again this study to be an actor.
In more than 100 films, he played the lead role, usually that of the avenger of the oppressed. These roles made him popular with the people, what his later political career helped. He was elected mayor of the city of San Juan in Metro Manila in 1968. He held until 1986, when the new President Corazon Aquino dismissed him because of a never occupied corruption investigations of the Office This office.
In 1991 he founded the party struggle of the Filipino masses ( LMP).
In 1992 he ran for the office of vice president. He won as Vice President, during the presidency of Fidel V. Ramos went, the candidate for another party. Ramos Estrada was the role of the chief of the Presidential Anti- Crime Commission.
Election as President
1998 Estrada won by a large margin over the second placed the presidential election. His electorate consisted mainly of ordinary people, who are increasingly alienated from the rich elite of the Philippines felt and Estrada saw a man of the people. Estrada's PR people built on his national -level image that he had built up through his films for decades. Vice President Gloria Macapagal- Arroyo and was not Estrada's partner Eduardo Angara list.
Estrada to get in the country's elite increasingly unpopular. The military he angry with the appointment of the first civilians in the history of the country of Defence. To the Minister for Agricultural reforms he appointed a former communists, which snubbed the oligarchy of landowners.
As farsighted to Estrada's consistent action against some clans in Mindanao, which built itself as " warlords " private armies ( the Ampatuans for example ) proved. In November 2009, prompted the present reports, the clan of the Ampatuans a massacre of political rivals in Mindanao, which caused global reactions. (Daily Tribune, December 4, 2009 " ... Erap rejected Ampatuans " of HTLaurel )
Corruption and bribery allegations
There were always corruption and enrichment allegations launched by the year 2000, the dubious Chavit Singson, Governor from Ilocos Sur, who was known for his business in the field of illegal gambling, claimed that he was 400 million pesos from the proceeds of an illegal Estrada, lotto -like game of chance called Jueteng and 180 million pesos was paid out of tobacco farming subsidies. This led to impeachment proceedings against Estrada. The interviews carried out in 2006 revealed until now, however, that Estrada did not give illegal requests and perhaps for that reason was the powerful family clans in the way.
Impeachment
On 16 January 2001, the impeachment court, which consisted mostly of Estrada supporters decided not to open a letter with potentially incriminating material. A former official of the " Volunteers Against Crime and Corruption ( VACC ) ," Federico Manrique testified in 2007 that he had been asked to misrepresent the corruption Estrada.
Resignation
From the ancient clans and parts of the Catholic Church, fueled mass protests led to the refusal of assistance by the army. On January 19, she moved to the open side of the former vice president, Gloria Macapagal- Arroyo, who thanked the army immediately after the change with salary increases and other benefits. 2006 saw a film about the life Estrada, who moved the Arroyo government in the highest excitement, because it, inter alia, documents that Arroyo had already prepared the consequently illegal transfer of power a year. The current government would only allow the broadcast when all the presidential Estrada and his impeachment relevant sections would be removed
The chairman of the Bishops' Conference, Angel Lagdameo, referred to in the meantime, the support of these mass protests as a "mistake." ( "Sadly, People Power II installed a leader who lately HAS BEEN branded as the " most corrupt " and our government is rated" among the most corrupt Governments " http://www.tribune.net.ph/headlines/20080220hed1.html )
Even the former President Corazon Aquino apologized to Estrada 2008 for their role in his downfall. ( "she is ' so guilty of being part of the Edsa Dos ' that ousted then President Estrada. She said " Lahat naman tayo ay nagkakamali. Patawarin mo na ako long " ( We all make mistakes. Please forgive me). At this point, President Erap Stood up, bowed to her and clasped his hands in an Asian gesture of thank you. ( The Daily Tribune December 24, 2008 ) )
Swearing Macapagal- Arroyo as the successor of Estrada
On 20 January 2001, the Supreme Court of the Philippines declared the presidency in an international criteria hardly stood holding decision vacated and sworn Gloria Macapagal- Arroyo as president. Estrada quickly left the presidential palace.
Although formally probably need to talk of a coup, Arroyo has been accepted internationally, especially by the U.S. as the new president. Estrada recognized the presidential Arroyos to never. He was arrested in April 2001 and was located until 2007 in house arrest.
In 2004, he supported his friend Fernando Poe Jr. in the presidential candidacy. Poe died shortly after the election. From the government side was also spoken of murder by poisoning.
On 1 May 2006, there were to be a violent insurgency, according to the government. Obviously, it was an excuse to prevent the expected mass demonstrations against the meantime, in the Philippines most unpopular President, which was only partly successful.
Previously, on 24 February 2006 there was an alleged coup attempt in the Philippines. Especially some of the younger officers of the army had withdrawn their support for President Arroyo. However, security forces arrested the dissident military.
Court proceedings against Estrada
On 12 September 2007 Estrada was found guilty of corruption and sentenced to lifelong house arrest. Lawyers use the opposition as well as by Estrada himself both the jurisdiction of the court is in doubt, and the conviction without evidence. ( Compilation of the legal issues, for example, by Alan F. Paguia, Tribune, September 13, 2007 ). The well-known as Arroyo 's opponents Archbishop of Manila, Oscar V. Cruz, was still before sentencing clearly the dilemma of government between acquittal - according to surveys by the majority of Filipinos expected ( 12 September 2007 http://www.sws. org.ph / ) - which would then confirm the illegitimacy of the current government, and a guilty verdict, which could lead to a " EDSA IV". In October 2007, Estrada was granted by Gloria Macapagal- Arroyo an unconditional " pardon ".
Candidacy for the Philippine presidential election 2010
Estrada ran for the presidential election that took place on 10 May 2010, with a new party Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino (PMP ). As with his first election victory, he again tried to win the impoverished masses. He put the emphasis on the security policy, where Estrada presented as a law-and -order officials and announced tough measures against the rebels in the south. However, he defeated his opponent, Benigno Aquino III.
In May 2013, the program the catchment managed as a deputy in the Philippine House of Commons.
Jinggoy Ejercito Estrada, his son is also politician and currently a member of the Senate and the President pro tempore.