Kremyonki, Kaluga Oblast

Kremjonki (Russian Кремёнки ) is a small town in the Kaluga oblast (Russia) with 11,582 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010 ).

Geography

The city is located about 70 km northeast of Kaluga Oblasthauptstadt on the left bank of the Protva, a left tributary of the opening into the Volga Oka.

Kremjonki belongs to Rajon Zhukov and is removed from its administrative center Zhukov 30 km to the southeast.

History

A village Kremjonki dates from the early 18th century, close to the village elder Troizkoje on the opposite bank of the river Protva. It first belonged to Ujesd 20 kilometers east of the town of Serpukhov, which is now in the neighboring Moscow Oblast.

The place was long relatively insignificant, but was in the Soviet period the seat of a village Soviets. During the Second World War was at Kremjonki from mid-October 1941, the front line. The 260th Infantry Division of the Armed Forces had then left ( north ) of the Protva captured two bridgeheads. The end of October it was replaced by the 52nd Infantry Division, which further advance left the Oka could be on Serpukhov but prevented from Tarusa direction of the Soviet troops. On December 16, 1941, the 194th Rifle Division of the 49th Army of the Western Front of the Red Army was in the room Kremjonki over during the battle of Moscow to counter-attack and urged in this area, the German troops to several dozen kilometers.

During and after the construction of extensions of the core research institute in few kilometers east, already in the Moscow Oblast located Protwino was north-west from the 1970s, the original village, a housing estate for construction workers and employees of the Institute and other institutions. Beginning of the 1980s the town had about 2600 inhabitants, until the end of the decade, the number grew to about 10,000. 1989 finally got the place the status of an urban-type settlement, and on 28 December 2004, the city rights.

Demographics

Note: Census data

Culture and sights

In Kremjonki there is a Military History Museum opened in 1975 with a memorial complex and Yekaterina - Daschkowa Museum. The Ekaterina shown in the coat of arms was Daschkowa close confidante of Empress Catherine the Great and a major figure of the Enlightenment in Russia of the 18th century. She spent in a family house near the village Troizkoje her final years until 1810. Troizkoje In the Holy Trinity Church ( Troitskaya Tserkov ), was buried in the Ekaterina Daschkowa stands. From the property only ruins remain.

Economy and infrastructure

Kremjonki is primarily residential area for employees of companies and institutions of the neighboring towns of Serpukhov and Protwino. There are also factories for insulation materials and glass containers. Not far from the city is situated the sanatorium Wjatitschi.

The nearest railway station is in Serpukhov on the route Moscow - Tula - Kursk. By Kremjonki runs the Oblaststraße that connects along the left bank of the Protva highway M3 in Obninsk with the M2 highway at Serpukhov.