La Matanza Partido
La Matanza is the Partido with the largest number of inhabitants in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires in Argentina, called the Gran Buenos Aires. It is with 1,775,816 inhabitants ( 2010 census ) to Buenos Aires from the population terms the second largest administrative unit and the largest department or Partido of the country. Capital is only a few kilometers away from Buenos Aires San Justo with 109 686 inhabitants.
The Partido bordered on the northeast by the city of Buenos Aires and at Lomas de Zamora, on the east by Esteban Echeverría and Ezeiza, on the southeast by Cañuelas, on the southwest by Marcos Paz, on the west by Merlo and to the northwest by Morón and Tres de Febrero.
Geography
The region has an area of 327 km ² and is flat on the topography ago. The Río Matanza Riachuelo - which follows its natural course to the west and is channeled to the east near the border with Buenos Aires in part, forms the southeastern border of the partidos. He is one of the most polluted rivers of Argentina and leads to numerous environmental problems in its catchment area. The area surrounding the river is forested, while in the north of the Partidos prevail next to the built up area agricultural land.
History
The name of La Matanza ( German translation: mass killing or massacre ), which is occupied for the area since the 17th century, probably stems from a 1536 battle took place between the Spaniards to Diego de Mendoza, the brother of the leader of the colonists Pedro de Mendoza, was killed by the Het ( Querandíes ) in the field here, at the De Mendoza.
Until 1812 La Matanza was administered together with Morón, which included at that time a much larger area than it is today; then both territories were separated. As a result of the administrative reform of the province of Buenos Aires in 1854 it was declared the Partido and municipality ( commune ), 1856, the capital city of San Justo was founded. The second city that followed today 97 076 inhabitants Ramos Mejía 1861.
After several splits La Matanza shrank to 1878 to its present extent. Around the turn of the century the two largest cities today were established: González Catán ( 163 815 inhabitants) in 1910, and Gregorio de Laferrere, with 177 119 inhabitants, now the largest city, 1911.
Until about 1930, the region was rural. In the 30s especially the area of the largest cities of San Justo and Ramos Mejía was industrialized through the planning, the number of industrial enterprises grew 1935-1954 from 136 to 1,638. This was accompanied by a rapid increase in the number of inhabitants, which continues until today. It emerged working-class neighborhood and informal settlements ( villas miseria ). The large social housing estates Ciudad Evita (today 68 368 inhabitants) was built in the first government of Juan Perón period in 1947 and named after his wife Evita Perón. It became a model of social housing in Argentina.
In the 1970s and 1980s and stagnated in the 1990s, the number of industrial establishments even went back again. To date, some parts of the Partidos how Virrey del Pino remain dominated by agriculture. Between 2001 and 2010 the population grew by more than 40 percent, which is one of the highest growth rates in administrative units corresponds to the country of this size.
Towns
La Matanza is integrated by 15, almost all villages have grown together in the form of a chain in an east-west direction along an arterial street of Buenos Aires, the Ruta Nacional 3, along dressed. To the south is Ciudad Evita, named after Eva Perón, one of the first large social housing estates of Argentina, which was built during the time of Peronism.
Following cities integrate the Partido:
- 20 de Junio
- Aldo Bonzi
- Ciudad Evita
- Ciudad Madero
- González Catán
- Gregorio de Laferrere
- Isidro Casanova
- La Tablada
- Lomas del Mirador
- Rafael Castillo
- Ramos Mejía
- San Justo ( administrative seat )
- Tapiales
- Villa Eduardo Madero
- Villa Luzuriaga
- Virrey del Pino