Lactarius fulvissimus

Orangefuchsiger Milchling ( Lactarius fulvissimus )

The Orangefuchsige Milchling or Fuchsigbraune Milchling ( Lactarius fulvissimus, syn. Lactarius britannicus DA Reid ) is a mushroom of the family of Täublingsverwandten. The medium-sized Milchling has a brick to orange - brown hat and slats that run down the stem with a tooth. The brim is usually colored pale and the milk turns pale on a paper handkerchief yellowish. The rather rare and edible Milchling grows in deciduous and mixed forests, usually under beech trees. The fruiting bodies appear in late summer to autumn.

• 4.1 Infra Generic Systematics

Features

Macroscopic characteristics

The cap is 4-7 cm wide, young blunt - conical, sometimes flattened and depressed in the center. Sometimes the hat is also deepened slightly funnel-shaped. The often slightly greasy looking surface is smooth when young and later slightly bumpy to the middle or veined - reticular. The hat is dyed first dark reddish brown and faded later more or less in the direction of orange brown. The smooth to slightly wavy serrated edge is usually colored pale yellow-orange.

The isolated forked and fairly dense fins are whitish young and increasingly discolored yellowish to orange - yellow. In places, they can start reddish brown. They are widely grown on a stick or run with a more or less distinct tooth down to it. The fins are cut smooth and the spore powder whitish- yellow to cream-colored.

The cylindrical stem is 3-7 ( -9) cm long and 0.5-1.2 cm wide. He is in full until pithy stuffed. The stem surface is smooth and toned cream and orange in young fruit bodies and often whitish frosting. In old age, the stem discolored increasingly reddish brown.

The whitish to cream-colored and quite firm flesh tastes mild, but often unpleasant or bitter. The smell is somewhat reminiscent of the Stinkschirmling or the Oak Milchling. The mild, whitish watery milk changes color on a white paper handkerchief often slightly yellowish.

Microscopic characteristics

The average of 6.9 to 8.2 microns long and 6.1 to 7.1 microns wide spores are rounded to broadly elliptical. The Q value (ratio of length and spore width) is 1.1-1.3. The spores ornament is 0.7-1.2 (-1.5 ) micron high and consists of fine, pointed warts and short, burred ribs that are barely connected reticulate. The Hilarfleck is inamyloid. The rather clavate basidia measure 32-60 × 10-13 microns and each carry four sterigmata.

The 30-90 microns long and 5-9.5 microns wide Pleuromakrozystiden are quite rare to frequent. They are narrowly fusiform to almost cylindrical and above more or less pointed. The blades are sterile cutting or heterogeneous and carry few to numerous Cheilomakrozystiden. These are also fusiform to cylindrical, and measure 15-50 x 4-8 microns. Frequently they are deep into the fruit layer ( hymenium ) are embedded so that they are hard to find.

The hat skin ( Pileipellis ) is a Oedotrichoderm, which consists of rounded or elongated to multiform, up to 20 microns wide cells. This spring hair-like, more or less upright and outstanding, 15-50 microns long and 3-9 microns wide hyphae.

Artabgrenzung

The species of section Mitissimi are often difficult to distinguish. Very easy, the Orangefuchsige Milchling be confused with the watery milk Ling (L. serifluus ). This occurs at comparable locations, but smells during drying as the camphor - Milchling significantly by Maggi seasoning. In addition, it can be microscopically distinguished by the fact that his fins do not contain Makrozystiden and his hat skin is structured differently. And its spores have a more burred - reticular connected ornament.

Also similar can also be the flutter Milchling (L. tabidus ). But this Milchling usually grows under birch trees in wetlands and also has a yellowing milk. His hat is smaller, thinner and most fluttery bent and colored more reddish brown.

The Milchling is also often confused with the mild ones Milchling (L. aurantiacus ). This but differs by its more uniformly colored hat and the wider grown lamellae, which have no run-down on a stick tooth. In addition, the mildness Milchling preferably occurs in coniferous forests with spruces.

Also similar is the Rotgegürtelte wrinkle - Milchling L. rubrocinctus.

Ecology and distribution

The Orangefuchsige Milchling is a mycorrhizal fungus, the most with beech trees in symbiosis. But other deciduous trees, such as oak, linden, poplar and hazelnut, can serve as a host. In Central Europe it is found in rare cases under conifers.

The Milchling usually occurs in beech, but also in oak-hornbeam and other deciduous mixed forests. One can also find in parks it often. He likes heavy, more or less clayey soils that are usually nutrient -and base- rich. The fruiting bodies appear from June to October.

The Milchling is widespread in Europe and North Africa ( Morocco). In Europe it is scattered to rare. In the north of its range extends to the coastal areas of central Sweden.

The Milchling is widely scattered in Germany and in Switzerland qualifies as rare. Locally, the Milchling but be more frequent.

System

The Orangefuchsige Milchling L. fulvissimus was described in 1954 by Romagnesi. The species is synonymous with Lactarius ichoratus ( Batsch ) Fr, L. subdulcis within the meaning of Lundell & Nannfeldt and L. rubrocinctus within the meaning of Neuhoff (1956). However, the Rotgegürtelte wrinkle - Milchling L. rubrocinctus Fr is an independent Art

Most authors consider also L. britannicus DA Reid ( Syn: Lactarius subsericatus Kuhner & Romagn; L. subsericatus f pseudofulvissimus Bon (1979). ) Also, while Bon and M. Basso recognize the taxon as a distinct species to be synonymous. He should be strong reddish brown, similar to the red-brown Milchling (L. rufus ) and its milk is to turn yellow on a white cloth. The very rare taxon preferentially occurs in mountainous coniferous forests with spruce and fir trees. He was rarely detected in southwestern Germany.

Infra Generic Systematics

The species is provided by M. Basso and Bon in the section Mitissimi. The representatives of the section have bright orange to red-brown colored hats and one white, are not or hardly discoloring milk. The meat tastes mild to schärflich or bitter. Heilmann -Clausen represents the Milchling in his section Russularia that unites all more or less reddish - hütigen Milkcaps.

Importance

The Orangefuchsige Milchling is considered edible, but is commonly referred to as inferior and not very tasty.