Lactarius repraesentaneus
Shaggy violet Milchling ( Lactarius repraesentaneus )
The Shaggy violet Milchling ( Lactarius repraesentaneus ) is a species of fungus in the family Täublingsverwandten ( Russulaceae ). There is a big yellow Milchling whose watery white milk changes color purple on the air and its greasy - sticky hairy shaggy hat is on the edge. The stem is often pitted spotted, so the fungus strongly to the Grubigen Milchling ( Lactarius scrobiculatus ) recalls. The inedible Milchling appear from late July to October in acidic, more or less moist spruce forests in spruce or birch. It is also called purple milk Ender villous Milchling or violet milk Ender Zottenreizker.
- 5.1 Infra Generic Systematics
- 7.1 Literature
- 7.2 Notes and references
Features
Macroscopic characteristics
The hat is 5-10 ( 15) cm wide, young, almost hemispherical, then convex to flattened and partially depressed in the middle and often has a central flat and dull hump. In the age of the hat is also deepen a shallow funnel -shaped. The surface is first grown fibrous, later pressed flaky and moist greasy - sticky and shiny. Dry the surface is dull. The hat is light yellow to golden yellow, the edge is incurved long and is hairy shaggy - tomentose. The whole fungus may become discolored something violettlich at pressure points.
The closely spaced fins are young cremeweißlich and later pale yellow, also they discolor in a violation of purple. They are widely grown on a stick or run something down, some are forked. The slats are smooth cutting.
The cylindrical to bulbous stem is 5-8 ( -12.5 ) cm long and 1.2-3 cm wide. The base is sometimes a bit rejuvenated. The surface is dotted on cream to pale yellow background with irregularly distributed, darker, grubigen spots, the stem interior tends to be fast hollow. In wet weather the stem is very greasy and sometimes differs from water droplets.
The whitish to pale yellow, firm flesh turns an average slow purple to violet. It smells pleasantly spicy or flower- like and tastes bland at first, and then bitterly to schärflich. The white to watery, copious milk flowing turns only in conjunction with the flesh purple to violet. It tastes mild and unpleasant resinous herb.
Microscopic characteristics
The almost circular to broadly elliptical spores are on average 9.5 to 9.8 microns long and 7.5 to 7.8 microns wide. The Q value (ratio of length and spore width) is 1.2-1.4. The spores ornament is to 0.5 (-0.7 ) micron high and consists of many warts as well as fairly broad ribs which are mostly connected to an incomplete reticulate to almost full power. Isolated standing warts are often extended burred, the Hilarfleck is inamyloid.
The rather clavate, usually four, more rarely zweisporigen basidia are 50-65 microns long and 10-13 microns wide. The fins blades are sterile and very numerous occupied with spindled to pfriemförmigen Cheilomakrozystiden that are 45-110 microns long and 8-10 microns wide. You have at the top of a short, patch tip or are constricted like pearls. The spindled Pleuromakrozystiden are 80-110 ( -130 ) microns long and 10-12 microns wide and very sparse to numerous.
The hat skin ( Pileipellis ) is a 100-150 micron thick Ixocutis or Ixotrichoderm and is composed of parallel ascending, 2-5 microns wide hyphae, including one finds lying parallel 4.5-6 microns wide hyphae. The cell walls of often slightly swollen hyphae can sometimes be slightly thickened.
Artabgrenzung
The Shaggy violet Milchling is a fairly easily recognizable Art From his appearance here sees the Grubigen Milchling (L. scrobiculatus ) quite similar. By getting purple discoloring, almost mild milk, brighter, more vivid hat color, the longer Randzotten and the location of the two species can, however, be easily distinguished. In addition, the hats of young fruiting bodies are often hunched and the stems slender.
Of the other milk Lingen with purple discoloration on milk, it differs by its size, the yellow-colored hat and pitted spotted stem.
Ecology
The Shaggy violet Milchling is a mycorrhizal fungus, the spruces received predominantly a symbiosis, isolated birch trees also come as host in question. Following the host finds the Milchling mostly in spruce-fir and spruce forests as well as in the corresponding spruce forests. The Milchling like fresh to moist, acidic and lime-free, nutrient-poor soils. It is found not infrequently on boggy or podsolierten sand and Rohhumusböden.
The fruiting bodies appear in the hill and mountain country from late July to mid-October.
Dissemination
The Holarctic spread Milchling was in North Asia (Northern and Eastern Siberia, Japan and South Korea ), North America ( eastern United States and Canada), as demonstrated in Greenland, North Africa and Europe. In Europe, the species shows a temperate to boreal, partly also to subarctic alpine distribution. The Milchling is rare in Scotland and missing otherwise in the UK and Ireland. Also in the Benelux countries of Milchling is extremely rare or absent. In Central Europe the species is rare to very rare but it happens in northern Italy, eastern France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovakia, Poland, Hungary and Germany before. In Northern Europe, we find the Milchling quite frequently throughout Fennoscandia. You can observe this in Sweden northward to the arctic - alpine Lapland and Norway to the North Cape. In addition, the fungus is found in the Hebrides and on Spitsbergen. In Estonia, the Milchling is quite rare.
In Germany the Milchling from the coast up into the Alps is far, but very irregularly scattered widely. Only in Saxony there seems to be no evidence. The species is declining and particularly vulnerable to groundwater lowering, drainage and liming and fertilizing of forest soils. In Switzerland and Austria, the fungus is rare.
System
The Shaggy violet Milchling was described in 1885 by Max Britzelmayr. The type is a synonym for Lactarius scrobiculatus var repraesentaneus ( Britzelmayr ) Killer Man (1933 ) and the variety L. scrobiculatus described by Lindblad 1855 var violascens.
Infra Generic Systematics
The Shaggy violet Milchling provided by M. Basso and Heilmann -Clausen in the sub-section Aspideini, which in turn is in the section Uvidi. The representatives of the sub-section have more or less greasy - sticky to slimy hats that are cream colored to yellowish. The whitish milk discolored flesh purple or violet.
Importance
Due to the bitter taste of the union to be sharpened Milchling is considered inedible.