Lecythidaceae

Gustavia superba, Illustration

The pot fruit tree plants or potted fruit plants ( Lecythidaceae ) are a plant family of the order of heather -like ( Ericales ) within the angiosperms. You have a disjoint complex: on the one hand, the tropical South America and Africa with Madagascar on the other. The most economically important species of this family is the Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa ).

  • 3.1 Notes and references

Description

Vegetative characteristics

These woody plants usually grow as evergreen trees or shrubs, rarely as lianas. The alternate and spirally concentrated at the ends of branches or two lines distributed to the branches arranged leaves are ( or serrated ) simple and stalked with smooth margin. Stipules are small or absent.

Generative features

The mostly short inflorescences can be very different polymorphic, often they are but the flowers are racemose or individually. Most bracts are present. The hermaphrodite, large, showy flowers are zygomorphic to radial symmetry. There are usually four to six ( two to twelve) thick sepals present, which are fused with each other and with the bell-shaped ovary. The (rarely absent) three to ten (up to 16) petals are usually free. Inside each flower usually many (10 to 1200) stamens; they have grown in some circles at its base. Often some stamens are sterile. The discus is sometimes lobed. Two to eight carpels are fused into a semi to completely inferior ovary. Each ovary compartment contains one to many ovules. The style ends in a capitate stigma. Pollination is by insects ( entomophily ), birds ( Ornithophilie ) or bats ( Chiropterophilie ); depending on pollinators, the androecium is radial symmetry or zygomorphic, this represents a coevolution

There are mostly woody fruit capsules, rare berries formed which are often surrounded by the sepals. The fruits often contain only one seed, but it can be as many some questions ( for example in the Brazil nut ). The seeds are usually hairy. There is no endosperm present.

Ingredients

They contain flavonols and ellagic acid.

System

The family name Lecythidaceae was first published in 1825 by Achille Richard in Dictionnaire classique d' histoire naturelle, 9, pp. 259. Type genus is Lecythis Loefl.

The family Lecythidaceae include (formerly 10) in the new further interpretation about 25 genera with about 250-325 species. This family is divided into five subfamilies:

  • Foetidioideae Engler ( Syn: Foetidiaceae ), with only one genus: Foetidia Comm. occur with about 17 species from eastern Africa (1 Style) Madagascar ( 14 species ) to the Mascarene Islands ( 2 types): ex Lam..
  • Lecythidioideae Beilschmied ( Syn: Lecythidaceae, Gustaviaceae ): There are ten neotropical genera with about 215 species: Allantoma Miers ( Syn: Goeldinia Huber): Today, with nine species; they are native to South America
  • Bertholletia Bonpl. ( Syn: Barthollesia Silva Manso ), with only one type: Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl. )
  • Napoleonoideae Bentham: There are two genera with eleven species in the western tropical Africa: Crateranthus Baker f: With three kinds
  • Napoleonaea P.Beauv. ( Syn: Napoleona P.Beauv. ): With approximately eight types
  • Planchonioideae Engler ( Syn: Barringtoniaceae ): There are six paläotropische genera with about 58 species in Australasia: Abdulmajidia Whitmore: With two ways; They occur on the Malay Peninsula
  • Barringtonia J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. With about 40 species, including: Barringtonia asiatica (L.) Kurz.
  • Scytopetaloideae O.Appel ( Syn: Asteranthaceae R.Knuth nom cons, Rhaptopetalaceae Solander, Scytopetalaceae Engler. . ): There are six genera and about 21 species in Africa and northern Brazil: Asteranthos Desf. ( Syn: Asteranthus Spreng. ), With only one type: Asteranthos brasiliensis Desf. ; it occurs in northern Brazil
  • Pierrina zenkeri Engl; it is found in tropical West Africa

Swell

  • The Lecythidaceae in APWebsite family. ( Section systematics and description)
  • S. A. Mori, Chih- Hua Tsou, C.-C. Wu, B. Cronholm & Arne A. Anderberg: Evolution of Lecythidaceae with emphasis on on the circumscription of neotropical genera: information from combined ndhF and trnL -F sequence data, in American Journal of Botany, 94, 2007, pp. 289-301.
  • Chih- Hua Tsou & SA Mori: Floral organogenesis and floral evolution of the Lecythidoideae ( Lecythidaceae ), in American Journal of Botany, 94, 2007, pp. 716-736. ( Section systematics and description)
  • Haining Qin & Sir Ghillean ( Iain ) T. Prance: Lecythidaceae in the Flora of China, Volume 13, p 293: Online. ( Description section )
Asterids Disjunct distribution Ovary (botany) Berry Allantoma lineata Couroupita Eschweilera Gustavia (genus) Agricultural Research Service
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