List of football clubs in East Germany

Football in the GDR covers the history of the football match of the men in the Soviet occupation zone and in the GDR from the post-war period (from May 1945) to the political change and dissolution of the GDR Oberliga in the summer of 1991.

Sports policy

The fact that the East German football next to the lived "football", who was in the stadium, the Fanlagern and popular sports at home, should be characterized by state intervention, already appeared shortly after the Second World War. So had the Potsdam Agreement and the decisions of the Allied Control Council means that all bourgeois football clubs were banned as subsidiary organizations of the NSDAP and had to be dissolved no later than January 1, 1946, to avoid that " nurseries of soldierly virtue" are from them again.

Instead of the dissolved associations emerged over the years 1945/46, sports groups and sports teams (SG), which only a regionally limited game mode was initially allowed. Were also affected, the former German champions VfB Leipzig (1903, 1906, 1913) as SG Probstheida and Dresdner SC (1943, 1944) as SG Dresden- Friedrichstadt. While the traditional sports clubs could soon re-found in the western German occupation zones, the Control Council decision has been consistently carried out, as well as civic associations did not fit there in the political system in the Soviet occupation zone.

1948 and 1949 were under the direction of the company founded in the Soviet occupation zone in 1948 German Sport Committee called Ostzonenmeisterschaften with participation of the best teams from Brandenburg, Mecklenburg- Western Pomerania, Saxony, Saxony- Anhalt and Thuringia, a total of 10 participants, are performed. Both masters, SG Zwickau- Planitz (1948) and zsg Union Hall (1949 ), were identified in the KO system. Your participation in the all-German football league said the Soviet occupying power. Because of the special status of Berlin, the Berlin teams were allowed to play only to the city championship, but in a common east-west league.

In 1949, the German sports committee the football league for the determination of the East German champion in life. Since the GDR was founded in the course of the season, this championship round went down in history as the first East German championship. Although for the top flight the same name as in West Germany was chosen was to participate in an all-German championship never up for debate. The extension to a national game mode called for a new organization of the economic base for the football teams. Add to that the most sporting communities were converted "on the basis of production change " in company sports teams (SPAs) under the so -called in the course of the season, each of which an operation from a specified production area has been assigned as a support operation. This resulted in their assignment to the so-called sports associations. Teams who resisted this process were disadvantaged sporty and pressurized (see SG Dresden- Friedrichstadt).

Berlin teams were not allowed to participate in the first East German championship. Only when the West Berlin was founded in 1949 VBB introduced the License player system based on West Germany, the East German sports leadership found a reason to withdraw the East German football teams from the whole of Berlin game mode. The previously playing in the Berlin city league teams Union Oberschoeneweide, VfB Pankow and Lichtenberg 47 were classified for the season 1950/51 in the DDR - Oberliga, which was thus increased from 14 to 18 teams. However, the Berliner teams proved to play so weak that played in the season 1953/54, no more Berlin representative in the big leagues.

Soon after introduction of the sports teams of the Sports Committee created further opportunities to build strong play football teams. As a new carrier, the " People's Police " and the " Kasernierte People's Police " (CIP, forerunner of the National People's Army ) were selected. For the area of ​​People's Police (VP), the best players were contracted by previously incurred in different cities VP teams in Dresden for VP Dresden. This team took to season 1950/51 in the league the place of the battered political reasons SG Dresden- Friedrichstadt one. It was later renamed Dynamo Dresden and became one of the most successful teams of the East German football. In the same way, was founded in 1951 in Leipzig, the SV forward CIP. In contrast to VP / Dynamo Dresden whose development was not so straightforward. While Dresden in 1953 GDR champion, came forward Leipzig until 1953 does not have lower ranks in the league also. Then the team was moved to the end of the season 1952/53, according to Berlin, where she played as a future ASK Vorwärts Berlin, but only established as a top team from 1957. To further ensure the inflow strong player game, Dynamo and forward teams were founded in other cities, the ( ASK) were directed by the Sports Association Dynamo and the Army Sports Club forward. Although the ASK could use after the introduction of conscription for military service will by conscript players SV Dynamo with his top team and Dynamo Dresden Dynamo Berlin (BFC Dynamo ) was more successful. Foreign players were not allowed to be used in the big leagues until 1990. While foreigners were isolated from the 1960s onwards in the second-rate DDR -Liga active, awarded in the 1970s reinforced the SASK Elstal player from the Soviet Union, which had Erstligaerfahrung part.

For the organization of the operation of the game " football expert committee " was formed on March 7, 1950 in Berlin within the German Sport Committee. 1951 emerged the " football section " of it. The " German Football Association " ( DFV), later accompanied by the words "of the GDR ", was only 17-18. Founded in Berlin in May 1958. It was created under the umbrella of the GDR sports organization " German Gymnastics and Sports Association " ( DTSB ). At the top were always high officials of the East German State Party ( SED), which influenced the football always political. So sports stadiums were completely alien named after political figures (eg, Georgi Dimitrov Stadium Erfurt to the Bulgarian Prime Minister ), in the stadiums political slogans were placarded and asked footballers to political statements. Considerable influence exerted the SED district lines, particularly when it came to player transfers in teams of their sphere of influence. Even in the last years of its existence the Oberliga political influence was delivered. Games of the BFC Dynamo, the Minister of State Security Erich Mielke was particularly far in the favor of the Chairman of the SV Dynamo forwards were repeatedly manipulated in favor of Berlin. Although the suspension of an arbitrator (Bernd Stumpf ) publicly came to light ( disgraceful penalty of Leipzig), manipulated results were never corrected.

Both the football section and the Association drew up in the 1960s by an organizational mess. In addition to the transplanting of entire teams in other cities (Dynamo Dresden to Berlin, forward Leipzig to Berlin, then to Frankfurt / O., BSG Empor Lauter to Rostock ), it constantly came to restructuring and renaming of the teams. Also noteworthy is the attempt in 1954 by the College of Physical Education ( DHfK ) in Leipzig with drawn from other teams young players to form a promising class team. After only six months, the experiment had to be abandoned as a failure (see a SC DHfK Leipzig). 1955, the most settled in the district capitals company sports were incorporated into the main sports clubs newly established. In 1966, they were spun again establishing an independent football clubs. The example of the city of Leipzig constant change is easy to read:

Game operation

Before the league played continuously since 1954 with 14 teams, there was until then a constant interplay with 19 teams in the season 1951/52, as the highlight. Between 1956 and 1960, the game operation has been aligned to the calendar year following the Soviet model, before and after it was played in the fall - spring rhythm. The most successful teams were the FC Carl Zeiss Jena, the BFC Dynamo and Dynamo Dresden ( see Eternal Chart of the GDR Oberliga ), record champion was the BFC Dynamo with 10 titles. Eberhard Vogel ( Karl -Marx -Stadt / Jena) came with 440 inserts on most league games.

The substructure of the league was divided after the introduction of DDR - territorial reform of 1952 analogous to the administrative structure of the GDR. Under the league, the East German league was introduced nationwide in 1950. Their structure has been amended several times. Was there first two or three seasons, the league has been bloated to five seasons from the 1971/72 season. Between 1955 and 1962, single-track was played. It was only from 1984 was the East German league, due to the DFV - football decision, continuously for two seasons. Bismuth Gera played the longest in the GDR league and came in 36 series to 955 games.

After an interlude with a DDR - II league with occasionally also five seasons from 1955 to 1963, the third division was held at the level of 14 GDR and East Berlin districts ( middle management ). The district champion had ascended the right depending on the structure of the DDR -Liga or had to determine the climbers climb in laps.

Fdgb Cup

To the East German Football Cup was played in 1949. It was named after the East German labor union Free German Trade Union Federation ( fdgb ), which had awarded the trophy. A total of 41 competitions were held in the years 1951 and 1961 no cup winner was determined. First Cup winner was wagon Dessau ( 1949), Hansa Rostock in 1991, was the last winner. The most cup victories could Dynamo Dresden and FC Magdeburg first win with seven successes.

National

Since the DFV was inducted into the football organization FIFA World until 1952, official international games could only then be discharged. The A-team acted temporarily gleichzeigtig as Olympic selection in the GDR. The first appearance of a DDR national team played on 21 September 1952 in Warsaw against Poland held and lost with 0:3. Overall, the national team completed 293 games, of which they won 138. Most-capped player and top scorer was Joachim Streich with 102 games and 55 goals. In international competitions, with the exception of the Olympic Games ( gold in 1976, silver in 1980, bronze in 1972 ), the national team was not very successful. In the World Cup, it was only enough for a final tournament in 1974, there, however, with the spectacular 1-0 victory over West Germany. At the European Championships, the GDR never got beyond the preliminary rounds. The most successful coaches were Károly Soos and Georg Buschner.

The National Selection of the GDR was at the U-23 European Championship in 1974 as well as in the U-21 European Championships in 1978 and 1980 each second. The U20 took part in a World Cup twice in 1987 and third in Chile. The U18 1986 European Champion and 1988 third in the Championship. The U16 in 1985 and 1986, fourth in 1988 and third in 1989 and second in the European Championship in 1989 also took part in the World Cup.

European Cup

In the early years of the European Cup competitions, the teams of the GDR rarely had success. Until 1969, it managed only four East German representatives to the quarterfinals. For the SC Motor Jena in 1962 was even until the semi-finals of the European Cup Winners' Cup final. Otherwise, the teams already eliminated from the first two rounds. Only in the less significant International Football Cup ( which was played from 1961 to 1967 ) celebrated the GDR successes such as the finals of the SC Leipzig in 1965 and the victory of Leipzig ( now considered first locomotive Leipzig FC ) in the following year.

With the establishment of football clubs 1966, when some consolidation and quality improvement at the level of the DDR Oberliga. This was also reflected in success of teams down in the European Cup. In the 1970s it managed the GDR teams regularly to the quarter or semi-finals and could also prevail against well-known opponents from Italy, Portugal and England. Course, particularly the 1st FC Magdeburg, Carl Zeiss Jena and Dynamo Dresden increased the international reputation of the DDR club football, the victory of Magdeburg in European Cup Winners' Cup in 1974 represented the greatest success.

In the 1980s, the GDR team was not able to the same extent at this time. While reached Jena and locomotive Leipzig each yet the final of the Cup Winners' Cup competition ( Jena defeated in 1981 Dinamo Tbilisi and Leipzig 1987 Ajax Amsterdam), but overall the team excreted before and lost as well as their temporarily newly acquired third place in the UEFA Cup. Most European games completed Dynamo Dresden (98).

End of the GDR football

In the wake of German reunification, the DFV disbanded on 20 November 1990. The last GDR Oberliga season was 1990/91 and ended with a gain of Hansa Rostock. With her ​​qualification for participation in the 1st and 2nd Bundesliga was simultaneously connected ( rank 1/2, 3-6). The last game of the GDR national team played on 12 September 1990 in Brussels against Belgium and ended with the 2-0 victory.

On November 27, 1990, one week after the dissolution of the German Football Association, the GDR, the reigning champion DDR 1 FC Dynamo Dresden played in the Rudolf- Harbig Stadium against the German champions Bayern Munich for the Germany Cup. Dynamo won the match 1-0.

Statistics

Record champions

Notes:

East German champion

Football Ostzonenmeisterschaft 1948: SG Planitz ( 1949 zsg Horch Zwickau ) Football Ostzonenmeisterschaft 1949 zsg Union Hall

GDR soccer league in 1990/91: FC Hansa Rostock

Related articles

• German Football Association
• National Football Team of the GDR
• Football Olympic team of the GDR
• National Football Team of the GDR ( U-21 men)
• Women's Football in the GDR
• Football Club (DDR )