Lithocarpus
The Lithocarpus, German also called " stone fruit oaks " or " Südeichen ", are a species-rich genus of deciduous trees in the subfamily Quercoideae within the beech family ( Fagaceae ). Almost all species of the genus are native to East Asia and Southeast Asia.
Description
The Lithocarpus species grow as evergreen trees, rarely shrubs. The alternate and spirally arranged on the branch leaves are often coriaceous; they are partly entire, partly perforated.
They are monoecious getrenntgeschlechtig ( monoecious ). The male inflorescences are erect racemose inflorescences, a secure boundary feature to the species of oak (Quercus ). The male flowers consist of a four-to hexalobal perianth and ten to twelve stamens. The female flowers are usually in threes (two to five) together. They consist of a hexalobal perianth and usually three (two to five), 1-2 ( 0.5 to 3 ) mm long pistils.
The seed is a nut and fruit strongly resembles an acorn, but has a very hard woody shell. Of this also the botanical genus name is derived from Lithocarpus, because Greek λίθος lithos meaning " stone ", and καρπός carpos means " seed". The nut fruits of some species such as L. edulis are edible, which by others. Species such as L. densiflorus, however, very bitter and inedible
Dissemination
With one exception, all species in East and Southeast Asia are home. The only exception is the tree Lithocarpus densiflorus ( hereinafter referred to as the English " Tanoak "), whose distribution area is located in western North America in the U.S. states of Oregon and California. Just at this type but suggests a more recent molecular investigation, it was better to put in its own genus.
Use
Some species of the genus are planted as ornamental trees in parks and gardens. The seeds of many species are edible, but usually only after removing the tannins contained abundant.
System
The genus Lithocarpus was first described by Carl Ludwig Blume in 1826. In this very form- rich genus about 100 to 330 species are described, depending on the author.
Lithocarpus pseudoreinwardtii
Lithocarpus sp. Specimen Museum -
Lithocarpus sp. Specimen Museum -
Here is a list of recognized species that follows the statement, the Kew Checklist:
- Lithocarpus acuminatus ( Roxb. ) Rehder
- Lithocarpus aggregatus Barnett Lithocarpus aggregatus subsp. aggregatus
- Lithocarpus aggregatus subsp. pseudomagneinii A.Camus
- Lithocarpus braianensis subsp. braianensis
- Lithocarpus braianensis subsp. brevipes A.Camus
- Lithocarpus corneus var angustifolius CCHuang & YTChang
- Lithocarpus corneus var corneus
- Lithocarpus corneus var Fructuosus CCHuang & YTChang
- Lithocarpus corneus var hainanensis ( Merr. ) CCHuang & YTChang
- Lithocarpus corneus var rhytidophyllus CCHuang & YTChang
- Lithocarpus corneus var zonatus CCHuang & YTChang
- Lithocarpus dealbatus subsp. dealbatus
- Lithocarpus dealbatus subsp. leucostachyus ( A.Camus ) A.Camus
- Lithocarpus densiflorus var densiflorus
- Lithocarpus densiflorus var echinoides ( R.Br. ) Abrams
- Lithocarpus harmandii subsp. harmandii
- Lithocarpus harmandii subsp. malacotrichus A.Camus
- Lithocarpus laoticus ( Hickel & A.Camus ) A.Camus Lithocarpus laoticus var honbaensis A.Camus
- Lithocarpus laoticus var laoticus
- Lithocarpus lemeeanus subsp. langbianensis A.Camus
- Lithocarpus lemeeanus subsp. lemeeanus
- Lithocarpus microspermus subsp. mekongensis A.Camus
- Lithocarpus microspermus subsp. microspermus
- Lithocarpus pachyphyllus fruticosus var ( ex Watt King) A.Camus
- Lithocarpus pachyphyllus var pachyphyllus
- Lithocarpus polystachyus subsp. phanrangensis A.Camus
- Lithocarpus polystachyus subsp. polystachyus
- Lithocarpus rhabdostachyus subsp. dakaensis A.Camus
- Lithocarpus rhabdostachyus subsp. rhabdostachyus
- Lithocarpus uvariifolius var ellipticus ( FPMetcalf ) CCHuang & YTChang
- Lithocarpus uvariifolius var uvariifolius