Luleå

Luleå [ lʉ ː leo ː ] ( listen? / I ) is a city in the northern Swedish province of Norrbotten County and the historic province of Norrbotten.

Luleå is situated at the mouth of the Lule älv in the Gulf of Bothnia. It is the residence of the province and capital of the municipality of the same name.

• 6.1 Sons and daughters of the town
• 6.2 Other personalities

Geography

Luleå is located about 110 kilometers south of the Arctic Circle at the northern end of the Baltic Sea.

The climate is cool - temperate with cold winters and mild summers, with an annual average temperature of 1.3 ° C. The annual total precipitation is 490 mm. All twelve months are humid.

History

As Luleå was first mentioned in 1327 in documents, it was the site of the present Gammelstad. It developed into a market square and a church community center, which at that time consisted almost entirely Norrbotten. In the 14th century a church was built of stone - the largest north of Uppsala - and around the church was a church of the village. 1621 was the municipal rights.

Due to the Scandinavian land uplift it became increasingly difficult to enter the port, and in 1649 the town was about eleven kilometers to the southeast laid under its present name to its present place, while the village church was renamed Gammelstad. Luleå importance as a port and trading center grew, and in 1780 the city had about 730 inhabitants.

Luleå in 1856 became the administrative seat. In 1887 a major fire which almost completely destroyed the city occurred. With the completion of the railway to Gällivare and the South in 1891 and later to Kiruna Luleå started the upswing as the main export port in northern Sweden. By 1900 the population had grown to Luleå about 9,000 inhabitants. 1904 Luleå has also been episcopal see.

In the first half of the 20th century, growth slowed, but with the construction of the steel plant Norrbotten Järnverk, SSAB today, in 1940, followed by another expansion phase.

Economy and infrastructure

Luleå is an important administrative and service center as a residential town and municipal seat. In addition, Luleå is also a Lutheran bishop's seat and is home to Scandinavia's northernmost university of technology (Luleå Tekniska Universitet ).

Business

The industry Luleå is dominated by the steel plant SSAB Luleåverken that has a blast furnace, steel works and rolling mills for flat products and also supplies neighboring steel works with cast iron. SSAB sold in the late 1980s in the SSAB Profiles Ltd.. combined rolling mill with the profile business " Profilbolaget " to the Ovako Steel Ltd, which is also the production from its plant Borlänge shifted in 1990 to Luleå. Despite the concentration of the rolling mill was in Luleå in economic difficulties and all 600 jobs were at risk. In 1992, Charles David Sundberg, former Managing Director of SKF Steel, all the shares in the business profile of Ovako Steel through its Inexa Steel Ltd.. as a new daughter " Inexa Profiles" for a symbolic amount and could soon increase again to 400 workers the halved to 300 workers workforce. Sundberg drew profits from, however, so that the Inexa Profiles went bankrupt after heavy losses from 1999 in September 2001. Previously Sundberg had threatened to go bankrupt when the adjacent SSAB steelworks would not reduce the price of crude, which rejected this with reference to the high skimmed profits by Sundberg. The remaining 330 workers at the mill had to be dismissed. 2004 to 2006, technical equipment of the mill was dismantled and shipped to Iran.

Facebook operates in Luleå total of three server buildings each covering an area of ​​28,000 square meters. The location was chosen by the Group, as the cool climate in this region facilitates the cooling of the server; also it is possible to operate here, the data center entirely with renewable energy. The server center was put into operation on 12 June 2013.

Traffic

Luleå has good transport links via the Baltic port with the major ore port Svartö and an airport. From Luleå a railway line leading into the ground about 35 kilometers away, leading from where railway lines south to Finland and Norway ( Erzbahn ). Luleå is also on the European road 4

Attractions

The city was established in 1887 after it was almost completely burnt down, rebuilt on a regular plan. In the center of town is the Cathedral of Luleå, a neo-Gothic cruciform church from the year 1893. The city also houses the Norrbottentheater, set in five former port magazines, and Norrbotten Museum. On the campus of the University of the house of the art.

At Luleå Gammelstad, the ancient center of the city belongs. Gammelstad is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Twinning

Twin cities of Luleå are

• Norway Tromso in Norway
• Finland Kemi in Finland
• Russia Murmansk in Russia
• Bosnia and Herzegovina Zenica in Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Nicaragua Puerto Cabezas in Nicaragua

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the town

• Maud Adams ( born 1945 ), film actress
• Kristofer Åström ( born 1974 ), singer-songwriter
• Staffan Isaksson ( born 1952 ), former Swedish footballer
• Peter Larsson (born 1978 ), cross-country skiers
• Erik Lindegren (1910-1968), writer
• Per Ledin (born 1978 ), Swedish ice hockey player
• Emil Lundberg ( b. 1982 ), ice hockey player
• Stefan Nilsson ( born 1968 ), former Swedish professional ice hockey player
• Leif Östling ( born 1945 ), CEO of Scania
• Lars- Gunnar Pettersson ( born 1960 ), former Swedish professional ice hockey player
• Gunnar Wiklund (1935-1969), a pop singer
• Ingvar Wixell (1931-2011), opera singer (baritone )
• Robert Zander (1895-1966), international footballer

Other personalities

• Ioannis Despotopoulos (1903-1992), Greek architect and urban planner, planned cultural center in Luleå
• Nils Edén (1871-1945), historian, politician and Prime Minister of Sweden, went to school in Luleå
• Tim Hagans (born 1954 ), American jazz trumpeter, spends since 1996 as the musical director of the Norrbotten Big Band several weeks per year in Luleå
• Anna Ibrisagic (born 1967 ), Swedish politician ( the Moderate Party ) Bosnian origin and Member of the European Parliament, lives in Luleå
• Jessica Landström ( born 1984 ), Swedish football national team, their football career began at Lira Luleå BK
• Sofia Ledarp ( b. 1974 ), Swedish actress, studied four years at the Theatre Academy in Luleå