Mardin

Template: Infobox city in Turkey / Maintenance / County

Mardin (Arabic ماردين, DMG Mardin, Syro -Aramaic ܡ ܪ ܕ ܝ ܢ, Merdo; Kurmanji Merdin ) is the capital of the province of Mardin in the Turkish part of Mesopotamia. The ancient city is located in the southeast of Turkey, 20 km north of the border with Syria and not far from Iraq.

  • 3.1 Traffic
  • 4.1 The Citadel
  • 4.2 madrasahs
  • 4.3 mosques
  • 4.4 monasteries and churches

Geography

The old city of Mardin clings to the old castle hill and looks over the plains of Mesopotamia, on the edge it lies. In the north and west of Tur Abdin rises.

History

The city was ruled successively by the Arameans, Hurrians, Hittites, Assyrians, Babylonians, Amorites, Persians, Parthians, Romans, Arabs, Seljuks and Ottomans. In Assyrian times it was part of Isalla, which still reflected in the early Byzantine name Izala.

1915/16 were indiscriminately most Arab, Aramaic and Armenian Christians of the city in the wake of the genocide of the Armenians and killed on the Arameans. For the first time a public trading of Armenian women took place on August 15, 1915.

In Aramaic name of the city or Marde Merde; in the Eastern Roman Empire she was called in Greek Mardia or Margdis, among the Arabs then Merdin. Under Turkish rule, the city got its present name.

Population, languages ​​and religions

The population of Mardin is today mainly of Kurds and Arabs, as well as an Aramaic minority. Besides Muslims and Aramaic Christians lived until a few decades ago a few thousand Yazidi Kurds in the province of Mardin. These have now emigrated mainly to Germany; but there is still a small Christian community in Mardin, which is also a bishopric. The Bishop of Mardin is also the abbot of the monastery Deyrülzafarân.

Population Development

Economy and Transport

The economy is based on agriculture and trade, lately increasingly on small artisanal workshops and handicrafts.

Traffic

Mardin has an airport ( Mardin airport) and is served by direct flights from Ankara. Nowadays you can also fly to Mardin from İstanbul and İzmir from.

Mardin is connected by road via the I -93 with Adana and the connection between Turkey and the Middle East. Roads leading to Syria and Iraq. Mardin is also on the railway line to Syria.

Attractions

The Citadel

The fortress of Mardin is called the Eagle's Nest and played a crucial role for the city. It rises 500 meters above the plain.

Madrasahs

  • The Kasimiye Madrasah was built in 1469 by order of Kasim Pasha. The madrasah also contains a mosque and a hotel.
  • The Zinciriye Madrasah was built in 1385 by Melik Necmettin Isa. With its striped domes and monumental main entrance, it is one of the most impressive buildings in Mardin.
  • The Sitti - Radaviye Madrasah was given in 1177 in order. In the mosque, which is part of the madrasa, there is a footprint of the Prophet Mohammed.

Mosques

  • The Great Mosque ( Ulu Cami ) is the oldest mosque in Mardin. The minaret is an inscription dated 1176, the mosque is therefore likely to have been built in the years from 1160/1170er Ortoqiden Kudbeddin Ilgazi. According to an anonymous Syriac chronicle of 1234 this mosque is possibly on the site of the 1170 occupied by Muslims Church of the Forty Martyrs.
  • The Abdullatif Mosque was built during the reign of Ortoqiden 1314 by Abdullatif Bin Abdullah. It contains beautiful examples of former woodwork.
  • The Reyhaniye Mosque was built in 1756 by Ahmet Pasha's daughter Adile Hanim again. The minarets are octagonal.

Monasteries and Churches

Within the city there are some churches that have been restored in recent years. This includes Mort Şmuni.

About three kilometers outside the city is the monastery Zafaran. It was founded in 493 AD and is one of the religious centers of Tur Abdin, the church was for centuries the seat of the Patriarch or counter- Patriarch of the Syrian Orthodox, who are buried here in the monastery. The Patriarchate was moved in 1933 due to the persecution of Christians in Turkey in the Syrian Homs ( 1959 and from there to Damascus ).

Mardin is Titularerzbistum of the Armenian Catholic Church ( Mardin degli Armeni ), the Chaldean Catholic Church and Syriac Catholic Church ( Mardin dei Siri ).

Education

Since May 2007, the province of Mardin has a private university with the Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi. Is named the university after the Turkish dynasty of Ortoqiden (Turkish: Artuklu ). For the first time in the history of Turkey for Kurdish chairs, süryanische ( Syrian ) and Arabic language, literature and history were doing at the Institute of Modern Languages ​​furnished. In addition to added soon even Persian.

Famous people

  • Okan Alkan (* 1992), the Turkish football player
  • Ekrem Dağ ( born 1980 ), Turkish -Austrian footballer
  • Elias Mellus († 1908), the Chaldean Catholic Archbishop
  • Halil Altındere (* 1971), multimedia artist and writer
  • Ignatius Maloyan (1869-1915), Armenian Catholic Archbishop
  • Iknadios Bedros XVI. Batanian (1899-1979), Patriarch of Cilicia
  • Jacques Nessimian (1876-1960), Armenian Catholic Archbishop
  • Jean Couzian (1874-1933), Armenian Catholic bishop
  • Ergin Sezgin (* 1953), Physicist
  • Murathan Mungan (* 1955), writer
  • Muammer Güler (* 1949), politician
  • Sultan Kösen (* 1982 ), Greatest man alive
  • Yousuf Karsh (1908-2002), Canadian photographer of Armenian descent

Twinning

  • Slovenia, Ljubljana
  • Iraq Iraq Mosul
  • Iraq Iraq, Arbil
  • Syria Syria, al -Hasakah
  • Turkey Turkey, Konya
  • Turkey Turkey, İzmit
  • Turkey Turkey Kartal
  • Turkey Turkey, Bahçelievler
  • Turkey Turkey, Zeytinburnu
  • Turkey Turkey, Buca
  • Turkey Turkey Bandırma
  • Morocco Morocco, Ouarzazate
  • People's Republic of China People's Republic of China, Golmud
Mardin Province DIN 31635 Arab people Arab Christians Kurdish people Mor Hananyo Monastery Erbil Al-Hasakah Derik, Turkey Midyat Nusaybin Savur
547020
de