Mary in Islam

Maryam, Mariam, Maryam Meryem or مريم is the Aramaic, Amharic and Arabic variant of the female given name Miriam (see Maria). Among Muslims, it is a very common first name. It goes back to the Virgin Mary, which is known as the Virgin Mary in the New Testament. In the außerkoranischen literature in Islam it is called ( Maryam al - ʿ Adra ʾ (al- Batul ) ): the Virgin Maryam.

Maryam in the Qur'an

The Qur'an recognizes the mother of Jesus, a broad space. A whole sura from mittelmekkanischer time, Sura 19, bears her name. There is reported as under a palm tree a son named Isa bin Maryam ( = to dt: Jesus, son of Mary, Jesus of Nazareth ) gives birth. The originating from the same period Sura 21 tells of the virgin birth: " And the one who guarded her chastity, We breathed of Our spirit, and We made her and her son a sign for the worlds. " ( 21:91 )

In Sura 3, which is attributed to the Medinan period, the election of Mary is described by God. " O Mary, indeed God has chosen thee and purified thee and chosen thee above the women of all nations " ( 3:42 ) A verse in Sura 5 turns directly against excessive devotion to Mary: and (then) when God said, ' Jesus, son of Mary, ' Did you (about ) said to the people: 'Take you, but God made me and my mother as gods! ' "( 5:116 )

The most obvious match the Qur'anic depiction of Mary with the Christian tradition to Mary relates to the virginity of the mother of Jesus. Problems arise, however, with regard to the genealogical and chronological classification of Mary. While it is called the " sister of Harun ", the biblical Aaron, raised one hand in Sura 19:28 and generally appears as the daughter of ʿ Imran, the Biblical Amram the father of Moses, they, on the other hand, the mother of Jesus and grow in the care of Zacharias on ( 3:37 ). In the earlier research, this was regarded as a confusion of the mother of Jesus with Miriam the prophetess, the sister of Moses and Aaron, on the other hand, recent studies tend to interpret the combination of the two figures in the Qur'an as a typology. In the Islamic tradition itself is insured that are 1800 years between the Biblical Amram and the father of Maryam.

Veneration of Mary in Islam

Muslims revere Jesus as the last prophet before Mohammed. That's why Maria also enjoys a special reputation. It belongs in the Islamic conception as virgin mother of Jesus to the people chosen by God. It is regarded as one of the " best women ", next to Khadija, the first wife of Muhammad, and Fatima, his daughter. As such, it is a model for all women in Islam. However, the concept of the Mother of God is Islam completely alien.

Often, the opinion is held that after Koranic conception Maryam was next to God and Jesus of the Christian Trinity. However, the counter some Islamic theologians with the reference that the corresponding verse does not equate Mary and Jesus in Trinitarian sense, but rather would represent both various forms of exaggerated and therefore to be rejected worship styles. Namely, once the Trinity with the focus on the divinity of Jesus and the other Marian devotion. The criticism refers to the fact that one would ascribe to Mary during the Marian devotion and Jesus through the trinity divine attributes, but would be entitled only to God himself. Since, according to classical Islamic view any form of worship was only directly to God, thus the concept of a patron saint Mary or a saint as a form of Beigesellung ( shirk ) is next to God in the form of Jesus, rejected.

In Islam, Maria learns therefore a different kind of worship than in Christianity.