Metzerlen-Mariastein
Metz alder Maria Stein is a municipality in the district of the Canton of Solothurn Dornach in Switzerland. The current community name was only in 2003 declared the official name, was called before the church Metz alders. The district of Maria Stein is an important place of pilgrimage.
Geography
Metzerlen -Maria Stone is on 526 m above sea level. Level, 14 km southwest of the city of Basel (air line). Haufendorf Metzerlen extends to a slightly inclined to the north slope at the northern foot of the blue chain, on the high plateau of Metz alders, in the canton of Solothurn exclave of the rear Leimen, near the border with France.
The area of 8.6 km ² large municipality area includes a portion of the northern Jura. The northern boundary runs along the wooded ridge of Usserholzes ( 581 m above sea level. M. ), one of the blue chain upstream Jura fold. From here, the communal land extends southward over the partially more than 1 km wide longitudinal trough of Metz alder Maria Stein. It forms a syncline, which has been filled since the Tertiary erosion material and covered with loess. The eastern boundary of the municipality is on the ledge before the steep drop to the gorge of a source of Bach's Binnbachs.
South of the plateau of Metzerlen includes the anticline of the blue chain. Its northern slope is in the range of Metzerlen divided into the hard Kalkgesteinsschicht of Chöpfli (701 m above sea level. M. ) and the Gobenrain and the softer, more eroded clay and marl layers of the Bättetals. On the crest of the Blue chain the southern municipal boundary runs; 875 m above sea level. M. is reached on the Challplatten the highest point of Metz alder Maria Stein. The western boundary is the beginning on the road pass Challhöchi valley a source of Bach's Birsig. From the municipality surface 1997 7 % was attributable to settlements, 46 % of forest and woody plants and 47% to agriculture.
Metzerlen -Maria Stone consists of the districts Metzerlen (526 m above sea level. M. ) and Mary Stone (512 m above sea level. M. ), west on the plateau situated in the catchment area of the Binnbachs gorge, and some individual farms. Neighboring communities of Metz alder -Maria Stone are Hofstetten- Flueh and Roder village in the canton of Solothurn, Blue, Dittingen, Röschenz and castle in Leimental in the canton of Basel-Land and Biederthal and Leymen in neighboring France.
Population
With 921 inhabitants ( 31 December 2012) Metzerlen -Maria Stone is one of the smaller communities of the Canton of Solothurn. Of these, 194 people live in the village of Maria Stein. Of the residents 96.6 % are German, 0.7 % English speaking and 0.6 % speak French (as of 2000). The population of Metz alder Maria Stein amounted in 1850 to 482 residents in 1900 to 522 inhabitants. During the 20th century, the population grew slowly but steadily (1980 720 inhabitants were counted ).
Economy
Metzerlen -Maria Stone was until the second half of the 20th century, mainly coined by agriculture village. Even today, the agriculture, the growing of fruit ( mostly cherry trees ) as well as animal husbandry and dairying an important place in the economic structure of the population, although the number of farms has declined sharply since 1950. More jobs are in small local manufacturing and services available. In Metz, alder Maria Stein today among builders, electrical engineering and information technology are based. In recent decades, the village has developed into a residential community. Most workers are therefore commuters who work mainly in the Basel region. Kloster Maria Stone is next to the monastery Einsiedeln the second most important pilgrimage site in Switzerland, which is why the district of Maria Stein is focused on pilgrimage and religious tourism.
Traffic
The community is located off the major thoroughfares on a road from Oberwil ( BL) on the Challhöchi after running. By Postbus course which serves the route from the train station to Flueh Metzerlen, the village is connected to the public transport network. At certain times of the day are post bus from Maria Stein to run.
History
The municipality of Metz alder Maria Stein was already inhabited during the Iron Age, which has been demonstrated by several findings. The first written mention of the village was carried out in 1194 under the name Mezherlon. Later, the names Metzerlon ( 1213), Meiszerlo ( 1278 ), Mezerlon (1280 ) and Metz Erlenn ( 1290 ) published. The place name comes from the Latin word maceriolum ( low wall ).
Since the Middle Ages Metzerlen was part of the rule Rotberg. This rule had a long time to the rank of a free imperial fief, which was directly under the Emperor, which is why Metz alder was considered one of the seven villages on the Free Imperial Blue. By purchasing the rule Rotberg came to Solothurn in 1515 and was assigned as a result of the Bailiwick Dornach and the district court Leimental. After long negotiations Solothurn permitted the laying of the Benedictine monastery from the secluded Beinwil to Maria Stein. In 1645 the foundation stone was laid for the construction of the new monastery. After the collapse of the Ancien Régime (1798 ) Metzerlen belonged during the Helvetic Republic to Dornach district and from 1803 to Dorneck.
Big poverty among the artisans and day laborers in the 19th century led to a wave of emigration. In the course of the Kulturkampf, the monastery of Maria Stein, 1874 was repealed by referendum, and the monks moved to dent in France. With a further referendum in 1970 the monastery was officially restored to operation. When the municipality and civil parish of Metzerlen merged on 1 January 2003 on the unified community, the community name Metzerlen in Metzerlen -Maria Stone has been changed, so now the widely known district of Maria Stein found its way into the church register.
Attractions
The Church of Saint Remigius in Metzerlen was rebuilt in 1821. The original church probably dates back to the Frankish period. In the district of Maria Stein, the Benedictine monastery built from 1645 is a spacious monastery church in nachgotischen style, which has a Baroque interior. At the north-eastern boundary of the municipality is the Santa Anna Chapel, which was built in 1691. Originally built in the 12th century comes the Rotberg. The crumbling to ruins, was rebuilt in the years 1934 to 1936 and now houses a youth hostel.
Coat of arms
Blazon