Michael Shishman of Bulgaria
Michael III. Schischman Asen, Mikhail Schischman ( Bulgarian Михаил III Шишман Асен; * 1280, † July 28, 1330 at Welbaschd ) called, was 1323-1330 Tsar of Bulgaria. He followed Tsar Georgi II Tartar on the throne. Michael III. Schischman came from the mansion of Schischmaniden.
Life
Mikhail III. Schischman came from the Boljarenfamilie Schischman, a collateral line of the house Asen. He was the son of the despot Schischman I of Bdin (now Vidin ) from his first marriage.
In 1292 Mikhail married III. Schischman Anna Neda, the daughter of the Serbian prince Stefan Uroš II Milutin of his marriage with the Bulgarian Princess Anne from the house of Tartar. Anna Neda was the sister of the future Serbian King Stefan Decanski. Mikhail III. Schischman was quite early as co-regent of his father and winner of the title despot, which he probably got from his cousin and Bulgarian Tsar Teodor Svetoslav. 1308 after the death of the elder Schischman, Mikhail took the lead on the Feudalbesitztümer the house Schischman in the region around Vidin.
After the death of Tsar Georgi II Tartar, thus also the end of the dynasty Tartar found Mikhail III was. Schischman elected by the Supreme Council of the Bulgarian Tsar Boljaren for. To connect his house with the dynasty of Asenen to emphasize (see house Æsir ) he took part in the traditional family name Asen, and named Mikhail Asen Schischman.
In his foreign policy, Mikhail Schischman approached to the Tatars, but sought a confrontation with Serbia and Byzantium. His marriage with the sister of the Serbian king Stefan Decanski he had to cancel for political reasons. Instead, he took the widow of his predecessor, Thodora Palaiologos, sister of the Byzantine Emperor Andronikos III. Palaiologos wife. His first wife and his children were banished to a monastery. He could create a legitimate basis through his second marriage to the Byzantine civil war between Andronikos II Palaiologos and his grandson Andronikos III. intervene. Mikhail Schischman changed it twice the fronts until he deals with his brother Andronikos III. reconciled and entered into an alliance with him against the Serbs. For this alliance he could win the Wallachian Voivode Basarab I and the Tatars.
Tsar Mikhail III. Schischman died at the Battle of Welbaschd on 28 July 1330. Nowadays " The holy martyr 40 " in Veliko Tarnovo his remains are back in the Kirches buried.
The lost battle was the beginning of a further disintegration of the Bulgarian Empire and the rise of Serbia as a regional power dar. Although Stefan Decanski had won the battle, he feared the combined forces of the powerful Boljaren of Lovech - Ivan Alexander and Bdin - Belaur, the brother by Mikhail III. Schischman, who reigned now over the possessions of the house Schischman. Stefan Decanski concluded peace with the Bulgarians and sat Ivan Stefan, the son of the first marriage of Mikhail III. Schischman with his sister, as Tsar of the Bulgarians to the throne. However, he could not last long on the throne, and was overthrown in 1331 by Ivan Alexander.
Family
Mikhail III. Schischman Asen married twice, but had only from his first marriage children.
Ivan Stefan was the firstborn son of Tsar Mikhail III. Schischman Aesir and the Serbian Princess Ana - Neda. He was born in 1300 or 1301. Together with his mother and brothers were he was exiled to the monastery. In the summer of 1330, he ruled jointly with his mother over Bulgaria. The Serbs had raised him to the throne. In contrast, and against the associated increase of the influence of Serbs on Bulgaria, spent the uprising of February / March 1331st
Mikhail was the second son of Tsar Mikhail III. Schischman Asen from his marriage to Ana - Neda. He was from 1323-1324 ruler of Vidin region and carried the title despot. The title he has received from his father, after his coronation. Mikhail is (today in Serbia ) is imaged onto a fresco in the church of the village Kameniza. Remains and is also the inscription " Despot Michael, who believes in Jesus Christ, Son of Tsar Mikhail ." There is no further information about him. Therefore it can be assumed that he died relatively young.
Schischman II was the third son of Tsar Mikhail III. Schischman Asen from his marriage to Ana - Neda. He joined in the summer of 1341 in Constantinople Opel as a contender for the Bulgarian throne. The Bulgarian Tsar Ivan Alexander insisted that wrote his greatest enemy - Schischman - is delivered. However, the Byzantine Empire would not let pass the opportunity to interfere in the affairs of his northern neighbors. Byzantium threatened that it would send ships to Schischman with Bdin where he could count on considerable support. Ultimately, the matter fizzled out and the fate of Schischman is not known. According to some sources, the Patriarch of Constantinople Opel Josif II (1416-1439) was the illegitimate son of Schischman.
Ljidowik was the fourth son of Tsar Mikhail III. Schischman Asen from his marriage to Ana - Neda. He was described in a 1939 document as the nephew of the Neapolitan King Robert of Anjou. After he was in Serbia and Dubrovnik, he came to Naples. The last sources mention him 1373rd