Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics
NUTS ( Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics french, Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics ' ) refers to a hierarchical classification for the unambiguous identification and classification of spatial reference units of the official statistics in the Member States of the European Union.
It is closely related to the administrative structure of each country. Usually corresponds to a NUTS level a management level or a spatial aggregation of administrative units. A similar system is also available in the EFTA and CEC countries.
This system was developed in 1980 by the European Statistical Office in Luxembourg to an international statistically compare regional spatial units within Europe can. NUTS regions are the basis for the quantitative assessment of regions by the EU. In the context of regional policy funds are allocated specific NUTS regions (by a NUTS 3 regions).
- 2.1 Germany
- 2.2 Austria
- 2.3 Switzerland
- 2.4 National equivalents
Design and function
Background
The administrative units differ:
- In their national hierarchy level (eg states, regions, districts, etc.)
- In size (area, population )
- In their expansion through territorial status changes (eg, mergers and divisions )
Therefore, a hierarchical and a unique identifier is required.
Hierarchical levels
Geostatistical data (eg population density, gross domestic product) are always based on a reference surface. To ensure comparability approximate only reference rooms same hierarchy level can be considered. NUTS achieves this by defining four regional hierarchy levels and two local / municipal levels of hierarchy:
The former NUTS level 4 and NUTS 5 were renamed with the entry into force in July 2003 Regulation in LAU 1 and LAU 2 ( Local Administrative Units).
For the purposes of NUTS all states of level 0 are considered to be " nation-states " (eg including Belgium), irrespective of the question whether the voting age population of that state (her demos) forms a nation.
Allocation methodology
Each EU Member State, candidate country and the EFTA States shall be a two -letter combination uniquely determined (eg DE for Germany ). This encoding corresponds with the exception of Greece (EL instead of GR) to the standard ISO -3166 for the world's unique coding system of nation-states and regions. At the same time this is the NUTS 0 code.
For the identification of territories of hierarchy levels NUTS 1 to NUTS 3 1 to 3 digits are appended to the country code, depending on level. "Inherit" sub-regions of a larger unit, the first digit of the NUTS codes of this larger region and get another place. The associated spatial units (usually alphabetically by region name ) numbered with the digits 1 to 9, if necessary, counting continues with letters. The "0" is not assigned and serves instead as a placeholder.
A single standing NUTS code can therefore give about hierarchy and membership to larger spatial units information. With reference to the region shall be clearly identified.
Example of the NUTS code DED2B:
- It is a NUTS 3 region, as two -digit country code DE and another three points.
- The NUTS - 3 region is part of the NUTS 2 region DED2, NUTS 1 region DED and NUTS -0- region DE
- With reference book: The NUTS 3 region Kamenz belongs to NUTS 2 region of Dresden, the NUTS 1 region of Saxony and NUTS -0- region Germany.
Administrative units as the basis
"Administrative unit " means a geographical area with an administrative authority which has the power to take administrative and strategic decisions within the legal and institutional framework of the Member State. The NUTS level that is assigned to a management unit, based on population thresholds determined (these are approximate and may be less in individual cases, on - or ):
Update
The system is adapted to the current territorial status of the territories every three years. The current NUTS codes were developed in 2010 and applied since 1 January 2012. At a field level change or change in the spatial allocation to larger territorial units it comes to the allocation of new NUTS codes.
NUTS breakdowns by State
Germany
- NUTS -1 level with 16 countries
- NUTS 2 level with 39 regions. These are: 19 administrative districts in the states of Baden -Württemberg ( 4), Bavaria (7) Ontario ( 3) and North Rhine and Westphalia ( 5)
- 10 former government districts: in the Rhineland- Palatinate three administrative districts, which were disbanded in 2000, four administrative districts in Lower Saxony, which were disbanded in 2005 and in Saxony three administrative districts, which were disbanded in 2012
- 2 non-administrative Regions: The State of Brandenburg was divided in 2003 into the NUTS 2 regions of Brandenburg-Nordost and Brandenburg -southwest, with the intention of following the EU enlargement of 1 May 2004, at least not for the poorer Northeast continued to EU assigned to receive funding.
- 8 countries that are not further subdivided at this level: the " city-states " Berlin, Hamburg and Bremen, as well as the " city states " Mecklenburg- Western Pomerania, Schleswig -Holstein, Saxony -Anhalt, Saarland and Thuringia (They are thus at the same NUTS 1 regions and NUTS - 2 regions. )
Austria
- NUTS 1: 3 groups of provinces
- NUTS 2: 9 provinces
- NUTS 3: 35 groups of districts
- LAU -1: not used
- LAU -2: 2354 municipalities
Switzerland
Although Switzerland is not an EU member, but the Swiss Federal Statistical Office has defined NUTS regions:
- NUTS 1: Switzerland total
- NUTS 3: the 26 cantons