Ophidiiformes
Spectrunculus grandis
The viscera Fishy ( Ophidiiformes ) are an order of genuine bony fish ( Teleostei ). They live in all oceans of the world, usually in great depth. A dead specimen of Abyssobrotula galatheae have been found in the Puerto Rico Trench at a depth of 8,370 meters. Five species occur in brackish and fresh water.
Features
Viscera Fishy are 2.2 centimeters to two meters long. There are elongated, laterally flattened fish that often take the form of a letter opener and taper from front to back more and more. You have in most cases a continuous Flossensaum from the back, tail and anal fins. In some species the tail fin is also available separately. It is then rounded, never forked. The fins carrier ( Pterygiophoren ) the dorsal and anal fins are more numerous than the adjacent vertebrae. The pelvic fins, if present, put on at the height of Vorkiemendeckels or further forward and consist of only one or two fin rays, sometimes with a fin spine. On each side of the head, above the upper lip are two external nares. Their swim bladder is supported by the first or the first two pairs of ribs, which are widened to. Your statoliths ( ear stones) are very large.
Some of their species are parasites or commensals ( not yet clarified scientifically accurate ) in sea cucumbers, mussels, and sea squirts ( Entökie ).
Outer systematics
The viscera Fishy were traditionally classified in the superorder of Paracanthopterygii. This is true ( in their former circumference) but today as paraphyletic. After molecular biological investigations includes the order, although the fish are stingless soft -finned fishes, as most original member of the Percomorpha to Stachelflossern ( Acanthopterygii ).
Inside systematics
There are two suborders, five families, 100 genera and about 460 species.
Subordination Bythitoidei
The species of the suborder Bythitoidei are viviparous, the males have a copulatory organ for internal fertilization. The external nares are located in most species immediately above the upper lip. The tail fin may be merged to form one Flossensaum with the dorsal and anal fin or separately.
- Family Blind cusk ( Aphyonidae )
- Family Livebearers Brotulas ( Bythitidae )
- Family Incorrect Brotulas ( Parabrotulidae ), assignment uncertain
Subordination Ophidioidei
The species of the suborder lay eggs, so the males without special copulatory organ. The external nares are located in most species well above the upper lip. The caudal fin has grown together with the dorsal and anal fin to a Flossensaum. The subordination may not be monophyletic dar.
- Family guts fish ( Carapidae )
- Family cusk ( Ophidiidae )
Phylogeny
Extinct guts Fishy are detected from the Paleocene, Eocene and Oligocene fossil.