Parnassiaceae

Swamp Heart Journal ( Parnassia palustris), illustration.

Heart -leaved plants ( Parnassioideae ) are a subfamily of the family spindle tree family ( Celastraceae ) within the order of the spindle tree -like ( Celastrales ).

Description

There are perennial herbaceous plants. The alternate and spirally parent leaves are usually together in a basal rosette. The simple, long -stalked leaves have a serrated or smooth blade edge. Stipules absent.

The solitary, hermaphroditic, flowers are radial symmetry fünfzählig. The five sepals are free or slightly fused at the base. When petals are present then the five are free. It is a circle with five free, fertile stamens present alternated with five yellow-green sterile nectar leaves ( Staminoidien ) (inner stamen circle). Three to four (rarely five) carpels are above permanent to semi- inferior ovary grown mainly to a ( syncarp ). Each flower contains a thick pen with three to four scars. Pollination is by insects ( entomophily ).

There are three to vierfächerige formed capsule fruits that contain many seeds. The winged seeds are compared with related taxa relatively small.

System

At first publications: The Parnassiaceae family in 1820 under the name " Parnassiae " Ivan Ivanovich Martynov in TEKHNO -Bot. Slovar, p 456, published. A first description under the name " Parnassieae " for the subfamily, right today Parnassioideae, was published in 1832 by George Arnott Walker Arnott in Encyclopedia Britannica, 7th Edition, 5, p 98. A Tribe Parnassieae was published by Barthélemy Charles Joseph Dumortier in Florula Belgica, 1827, p 115.

Molecular genetic studies have led to the fact that these are two genera that were formerly placed in its own family or in the family Saxifragaceae, incorporated in the order Celastrales, and it has been shown that the Celastraceae are only monophyletic if these two genera as a family with in the family Celastraceae are, see APG III. Therefore Parnassiaceae Martynov and Lepuropetalaceae Nakai are only synonyms for Parnassioideae Arn ..

In the subfamily of heart -leaved plants ( Parnassioideae ) there are two genera with 51 species:

  • Parnassus ( Parnassia ): With about 50 species in the Holarctic.
  • Lepuropetalon Elliot ( Syn: Cryptopetalum Hook & Arn. . ): Is a monotypic genus with the only kind: Lepuropetalon spathulatum: With deposits in the southeastern United States to Mexico and Chile.

Pictures

Swamp Heart Journal ( Parnassia palustris):

Swell

  • The subfamily within the family Celastraceae in APWebsite. ( Section systematics and description)
  • Description of the family in DELTA. There only the genus Parnassia. (English )
  • Description of the family in the Flora of Pakistan. (English )
Rosids Perennial plant Ovary (botany) Agricultural Research Service
389692
de