Peterskirche, Vienna
The Collegiate and Parish Church of St. Peter is a Roman Catholic church in the 1st district of Vienna Inner City. The present church building was completed in 1722.
The first St. Peter's Church
The first St. Peter's Church, from which no visible remains are no longer present today, goes back to late antiquity and is the oldest parish church and the city of Vienna. It emerged in the second half of the 4th century by a barracks of the Roman camp Vindobona was converted to a single-nave hall church basilican type. More renovations followed, the building was later Gothicised, where you divided the nave into three unequal ships. The tower was rectangular and three storeys, at the corners Fialtürme, which were surmounted by a central, higher tower with cross were. Like the inside of the church looked like, is unknown. Only from the late Gothic, in 1399 grown Valentin chapel Steinretabeln that are dated 1510 /15, survived. The church was surrounded by grocers and in an annexe, there was the "City Guard ", the forerunner of the modern police force.
The church itself said to have been founded by Charlemagne around 792, although this is not proven. First mentioned in documents in 1137 a church of St. Peter in Vienna. Towards the end of the 12th century the church fell to the Scots pen. In 1661 the building was destroyed by fire and was set just poorly maintained. The decision to build a new church was, however, only in 1676 taken with the relocation of the Confraternity of the Most Holy Trinity in attack.
The new building
About 1701 on the initiative of Emperor Leopold I started with the new building. The old St. Peter's Church, which was probably already quite dilapidated, was demolished along with the surrounding cemetery. The planning and construction (foundations ) of the new Peters Church made under Gabriele Montani. From 1703 sat Johann Lucas von Hildebrandt to build according to modified plan continued and in 1708 it was completed in the shell. His foreman was Franz Jänggl, also architect Francesco Martinelli is documented. The stonemason job was the Viennese master Johann Carl Trumler passed that requested the necessary hard Kaiserstein, among other things, for the revolving base, from the imperial quarry.
The construction work still went on until 1722, only this time the building was mostly completed. The new church was the first dome of the baroque Vienna. The sacred building has a very compact shape, an oval interior with amazing amount of space and rectangular extensions. The cupola was designed mainly by Matthias Steinl. The fresco decoration had begun its decorative paintings were removed after his death, so that in 1713 Johann Michael Rottmayr could start with a completely new program Andrea Pozzo. The high altar is by Antonio Galli da Bibbiena (structure ) and Martino Altomonte ( altarpiece ). Over the years the painting has become darker, which gave the interior a gloomy appearance.
Joachim Georg Schwandtner, superintendent of the Confraternity of the Most Holy Trinity, donated a porch, which was grown 1751-1753 after plans by Andrea Altomonte from Gutensteiner marble. Other stone carvings, such as the steps stones, delivered Johann Michael Strickner from Kaiser quarry.
From 1998 to 2004 the church was renovated, so the painting was returned to its blaze of color and brightness.
Access
The St. Peter's Church is located on St. Peter's Square, right next to the ditch shortly after ( west ) of the Plague. There Habsburgergasse cuts through the pedestrian zone (after Jungferngasse ) and leads directly to the church. St. Peter's almost disappears between the tall houses, and it is only to see if one is in front.
Equipment
Altar, baptismal font, pulpit and another
The altar in the apse consists of an altar table with predella, which is a portrait of the church's patron saint, Saint Peter, decorated. In the apse of a several feet high mural is included, which shows scenes from the Bible. Right and left at the altar table there are small white marble figures. The round pulpit is probably made of soapstone, it gilded reliefs and cherubs are added. On the sounding board is a gilded Crucifixion. The baptismal font, but also around on an octagonal foot, consists of gray-white marbled rock and carries a decorated copper lid. The pews are still obtained from the baroque features. They have elaborately carved side panels, on which cherubs are grouped. In the aisles, side altars are inserted.
Organ
The present organ was built in 1903 by organ builder Franz Swoboda, the organ case dates from the year 1751st Kippventilladen The instrument has 34 registers on three manuals and pedal. The play and Registertrakturen are pneumatic.
- Couplers: II / I, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P III / P, various sub-and Superoktavkoppeln
- Accessories: free combinations, fixed combinations (pp, p, mf, f, pleno ), crescendo