Philip Drucker

Philip printers ( born January 13, 1911 in Chicago, Illinois, † February 28, 1982 in Lexington, Kentucky ) was an American anthropologist and archaeologist who on the Indians of the Pacific Northwest Coast ( Nuu- chah- nulth, Kwakwaka'wakw, Gitxsan, Tsimshian ) and the Olmecs of southern Mexico had specialized.

Life and work

Born in Chicago, he grew up in Colorado. After high school, he was a laborer and cowboy, then studied at the Colorado Agricultural College.

In 1930 he took part in a so-called field school in archeology from the University of New Mexico. He decided to change his profession and studied at the University of California at Berkeley, where he graduated in 1932 with a BA in 1936 and received his doctorate. He studied under Alfred Kroeber, 1933 worked at the Tolowa and 1934 in western Oregon. He worked together with about Willie Simmons, a spokesman for the Upper Takelma from southwest Oregon. He did his PhD on the Nootka ( Nuu- chah- nulth today ) on Vancouver Iceland. In 1937, he worked as a National Research Council fellow in British Columbia. In the area of ​​Grand Coulee, an old river bed on the Columbia Plateau, he carried out a further excavation of the Spokane Historical Society.

In 1940 he was assistant curator at the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, where he worked from time to time until 1955 for the Bureau of American Ethnology. Under the direction of Matthew Williams Stirling, he dug the first time at Olmec sites in the Mexican province of Veracruz.

During the Second World War, he was from 1942 employed until 1945 as a lieutenant in the Navy, again in the years 1948 until 1952. During this time he published the three cultural areas that bothered him the most, namely the Pacific Northwest coast, the Pacific Trust Territory and the region of Tabasco - Veracruz in Mexico.

He worked on the excavation sites of Tres Zapotes (1940 ), Cerro de las Mesas (1941 ), La Venta (1942 ) and San Lorenzo ( 1946). In Tres and Cerro de las Mesas Zapotes he worked on ceramics. In 1947 he turned to studies in the highlands and on the coast of Chiapas. In 1953 he was back in Tabasco and Veracruz, in 1955, he worked again in La Venta, along with Robert F. heater (since 1952 professor at Berkeley ) and Robert J. Squier. 1952 to 1953 he stayed in the Alaskan Juneau, where he worked on the brotherhoods of Alaska Natives. He has worked closely with the Chief ( Chief ) of the Nisga'a William Beynon ( 1888-1969 ), who described the Potlatch of the Gitxsan village Gitsegukla.

He then moved to Veracruz and bought a farm to raise cattle. He married Rosaria Gonzalez and published under the pseudonym Paul Record. With his colleague Robert heater he wrote about the Olmecs.

In 1967 he returned to the U.S. and taught at the Universities of California, Santa Cruz, 1968 at the University of Colorado. In 1968 he took an appointment as a visiting professor at the University of Kentucky (1967, 1968-69 ). In 1979 he taught at Baylor University. In Kentucky, he was a professor of anthropology, an office which he held until 1978.

He died in 1982 in Lexington.

Works

• The Northern and Central Nootkan Tribes, United States Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 144, Washington DC: United States Government Printing Office 1951
• Indians of the Northwest Coast, Garden City, New York: Natural History Press 1955, 1963
• The Native Brotherhoods: Modern Intertribal Organization on the Northwest Coast1958
• Cultures of the North Pacific Coast, San Francisco: Chandler Publishing Company 1965.
• McFeat, Tom (ed.): Indians of the North Pacific Coast: Studies in Selected Topics, Toronto: McClelland & Stewart in 1966.
• To Make My Name Good: A Reexamination of the Southern Kwakiutl Potlatch, 1967
• The Native Brotherhoods: Modern Intertribal Organizations on the Northwest Coast, Washington DC: Government Printing Office United States Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 168, 1958 ( online)