Piano Sonata No. 11 (Mozart)
The Sonata No. 11 in A major, K 331 ( 300i ) is one of the most famous piano composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Mozart wrote 1783/84 in Vienna. The first edition appeared in 1784 ibid. by Artaria & Co.
The work could win especially by his third set of popularity; this is an as Turkish March has become known and signed with Alla Turca Allegretto rondo in A minor, which ends in A major.
Design and analysis
The sonata consists of the following three sets:
A performance lasts about 26 minutes.
First Set
The sonata begins with a set of variations instead of a sonata. It consists of a subject with six variations.
Topic
Andante grazioso, 6/8-measure, A Major
The theme is in two parts, each part is repeated once, and has characteristics of a Sicilianos on; the rhythm of Baroque dance form pervades the entire piece and gives it a special, quite lovely character. The pace is kept quiet and except for short, signed with forte bodies rather act as accents, it is with the dynamics as well. The harmonies are simple in design, as it hardly leaves the main functions.
Variations
The composer makes use of various options, otherwise pick up and process the topic: Starting moreover, changes in the Tongeschlechts, tempo and time signature to be made in the use of complementary rhythms.
Second sentence
Menuetto, 3/4-time, A Major
The second movement is a minuet with the following sequence: Menuetto - Trio - Menuetto ( da capo ).
Menuetto
The minuet is made up of two parts, each of which is repeated. The first, 18 -bar part underlines the typical initially below a minuet, but then modulated to the dominant E major, while show rapid sixteenth movements contrast with the previous designs. The second, 30 -bar section begins with a kind of implementation in a minor key, which finally ends again in E major, so that the first part can tie as a reprise it; it ends in the tonic A major.
Trio
The trio is in the subdominant in D major and is particularly characterized by uniform eighths. Its shape is similar to the scheme of the minuet.
Third set
Allegretto, 2/4-cycle, A Minor
The third movement is a rondo with the following scheme: |: A: | |: B - A ': | |: C: | |: D: | |: E - D': | |: C: | |: A: | |: B - A ': | |: C': | F
The entire piece unfolds melodic seen only in the right hand, the left hand plays arpeggios or through other accompanying elements. Counterpoints are not used.
The famous beginning of the piece (Part A) is a broken, quickly ascending and umspielter A minor triad ( Sample? / I ), which pursues a four-bar bill modulation to the dominant. The following, almost antithetical Part B has a motive in the Tonikaparallele C major with more descending character; this sequenced in A minor, whereupon part uses A again, but now fortepiano ends in the tonic.
Part C is in A major and thus represents an even greater contrast is as before. If you look at the parts of the complete set as a sonata rondo form, so can be interpreted as performing E and D. The first of the two begins in F sharp minor and modulates in turn apparently after C-sharp minor, the Quintton at the end is missing. This allows for a reinterpretation of the upper third of the A - major triad as an approach to Part E, as this is in that key. After that, Part D initiates again and ends on F #.
After a brief reconciliation (Part C) return Part A and B as a recapitulation back. In a slightly modified form, Part C includes one last time forte and prepares the way for a brilliant coda (Part F) in A major, which can finish the sonata in a successful finale.
Subsequent use of the composition
- Max Reger used the theme of the first movement in his work Variations and Fugue on a Theme of Mozart (1914 ) for orchestra.
- Russian pianist Arcadi Volodos composed a virtuosic paraphrase.
- A version of the Turkish March, appeared in 1970 with the album Benny Goodman Today under the title Venus HB ( Turkish March ).
- In the computer game Knights and Merchants (1998 ) is used, inter alia, an adaptation of the first set as background music.
- In the Nintendo Gameboy game Lemmings (1991 ), the third sentence is used as background music.
- The German piano cabaret artist Bodo Wartke in 2005 published a boogie -woogie arrangement of the Turkish March under the name Alla Turca Stomp. As early as 1993 wrote Fazıl Say a jazz adaptation called Alla Turca Jazz.
- The Kazakh folk metal band Ulytau published in 2009 a metal version of the Turkish march on their album Two Warriors.
- In the computer game Civilization (1991 ), the third sentence to hear as diplomacy and the theme song for the German civilization.
- The German rapper Eko Fresh used the beginning of the third sentence in the song " one man orchestra " from his 2010's album " What does the world".