Russula risigallina

Change color yolk Russula ( Russula risigallina )

The change Colored Täubling or exchange Colored yolk Russula ( Russula risigallina ) is a rather small and fragile Täubling from the family of Täublingsverwandten.

• 5.1 Infra Generic Systematics
• 5.2 Synonyms
• 5.3 Subspecies and varieties

Features

Macroscopic characteristics

The hat of the alternating colored yolk Täublings is 3-6, sometimes up to 8 cm wide and more or less fleshy. Jung is the hat convex, later flattened or depressed and often colored entirely in gold or yolk. It can also pink, apricot, pale orange to be brick-red, or have a yellowish center with meat - reddish or pale purple rim. The rim is rounded and long smooth. The hat skin is dull dull and at least deductible up to half. Under the hat skin the Cap flesh is pure white.

The blades stay long pale, then bright yellow to pale ocher colored and with maturity more or less orange - yellow. The blades are thin, flat, slightly forked and grown on a stick or almost free.

The cylindrical or slightly club-shaped stem is relatively thin, approximately 0.6-1 cm wide and 5-8 cm high. He is stuffed spongy and will soon be hollow. He is very fragile. Its pure white color stands in striking contrast to the yellow-colored slats. In rare cases, it may be tinged slightly pink. The meat is white and tender and tastes pleasantly mild. Young fruiting bodies do not smell or barely mature and permanent specimens have a clear fruit -like smell of apricots or Mirabelle. The spore powder is yolk yellow to yellow -orange.

Microscopic characteristics

The ovate to elliptical spores are 7.5-9 microns long and 6-8 microns wide. They are equipped with up to 1 micron high, mostly stand alone, coarsely warty open until spiny warts that are rarely connected by fine line. In the hat skin missing Pileozystidien, in their occur encrusted Primordialhyphen that strongly incrusted hyphae are stained in fuchsin more or less significantly. The hyphae are often clavate or capitate.

Artabgrenzung

Very similar is the Shiny Yellow yolk Russula ( Russula acetolens ) with uniform lemon yellow or yolk, shiny hat and essigartigem aged smell. Also similar is the closely related Grünverfärbende Russula ( Russula postiana ), which has a greenish to more olive hat. A sharp -tasting lookalike is the sun Russula ( Russula solaris ). He is also gelbhütig, small and fragile.

Ecology

Like all russulas is also the change colored yolk Täubling a Mykorrhizabildner. Its preferred host is the red beech. In addition, he can enter into a symbiosis with oak, hornbeam and occasionally also with linden and birch. Its ecological requirements are similar to those of beech, its main symbiotic partner. Therefore, this Täubling comes equally in clayey light base-containing to weakly acidic woodruff-beech forests, nutrient-rich, mostly calcareous wood barley forests and montane fir -rich beech forests before. One can be found on sand, sandstone or slate floors him in shallow to medium enigmatic, fresh orchids to change dry - beech forests on limestone soil and acidic Luzulo - beech forests. In addition, it is found sometimes in oak-hornbeam forests, especially in warm, dry wood bedstraw - oak-hornbeam forest ( Galio sylvatici - Carpinetum ) often on heavy clay soils or in damp or wet-dry chickweed - oak-hornbeam forests ( Stellario holosteae - Carpinetum betuli ) in thermophilic mixed oak forests, acidophilous oak mixed forests or in lowland forests. Also, you can occasionally find the toadstool on forest clearings and in parks.

The change colored yolk Täubling tolerates almost all soils. It occurs on loam or clay, limestone, sand, silicate or brown earth soils and tolerates both acidic and basic pH values ​​. The fruiting bodies appear from June to October, rarely sooner or later. The species prefers occurs in the hilly and mountainous country, but is also found in the lowlands.

Dissemination

The change colored yolk Täubling is a Holarctic species that is widespread in the more temperate zone and penetrates into the subarctic zone. Therefore, the fungus is in Northern Asia ( the Caucasus, Siberia, Russia and the Far East, Mongolia and Kamchatka ), North America (USA, Canada Mexico) and Greenland, North Africa (Morocco) and probably in the whole of Europe before. In the south of its range extends from Spain to Romania, in the West of France on the Benelux States and Great Britain to the Hebrides, in the north it is found throughout Fennoscandia and in the east to Belarus and Russia.

In Germany, the fungus has spread from the coast to the Alps.

System

Infra Generic Systematics

The change colored yolk Täubling provided by M. Bon in the subsection Chamaeleontinae, a subsection of the section Lilaceae ( Incrustatae ). The subsection contains mild russulas with yellow spore powder and usually feinsamtiger hat skin. Under the microscope can be seen in the hat skin encrusted Primordialhyphen and with more or less clavate or capitate hyphal end cells. Closely related species Russula acetolens, the Shiny Yellow yolk Täubling, which is considered by some authors as a variety only of the alternating colored yolk Russula Russula and postiana, the Olive yolk Täubling.

Synonyms

Russula Russula vitellina and chamaeleontina are common synonyms of the alternating colored yolk Täublings. Among the synonym Russula vitellina were more blunt gelbhütige, mostly ausblassende forms with isolated summarized warty spores. Under the synonym Russula chamaeleontina yellow zoned forms were more reddish, orange or red combined. Even with most forms of Russula lutea with pure lemon or chrome yellow hat are types of alternating colored yolk Täublings. Russula puellaris also var minutalis ( Britz. ) Sing is a synonym for a form with dirty flesh-colored, reddish Hutmitte and white border.

Subspecies and varieties

Importance

As a mild -tasting Täubling the exchange -colored yolk Täubling is indeed edible and quite tasty, it is worth because of its delicate and fragile fruiting bodies collecting but barely.