Rüstringen

Rüstringen was a Frisian district or an autonomous country community, which included present-day Butjadingen, the Urban land, large parts of today's Jade Bay and some areas of the country and the Jever Frisian Wehde in the Middle Ages. He was closely connected with the other two districts in the eastern part of the East Frisian peninsula, Östringen and Wanger country. From parts of these three districts, the rule Jever later formed.

Rüstringen was the largest of the three districts. He covered the area between the Weser estuary and the Maade and north of the Wapel, the border of Saxony Oberammergau, and consisted of the four quarters Blexen, Varel, long Warden and Aldensum which sank later by storm surges in the Jade Bay.

History

Rüstringen was named in a Frankish document of the year 787 in the list of districts in which Willehad should drive mission. Ancient Gau Rüstringen was built around 1200, the autonomous community Rüstringen Frisian land, the terra Rustringie. The "free Frisians " claimed at the time that no gentleman standeth over them, except the emperor. Outwardly, the country's municipalities were represented by the Redjeven. In June 1220 close 16 Rüstringer representatives signed a contract with the city of Bremen in order to enhance legal certainty and to regulate trade. Rüstringen belonged to the Frisian Seelanden, who together formed a land covenant of peace. The representatives of this Frisian lakeland, the Redjeven came every year on the Tuesday after Pentecost when Upstalsboom together to discuss the law and to safeguard the endangered by the feuds of the richer rich peasants of the peace. From that time also the Asegabuch, a collection Frisian law. The Rüstringer law formed a special feature, since both older freestyles from the Asegazeit, as well as newer from the time of Redjeven contained therein.

The cooperative organization in the national community has been eroded by the increasing power increase of rich families. Feuds between rich family associations were commonplace. The land covenant of peace the Upstalboom hardly played a role. Then took the chiefs in the 14th century power. Among the chief figures Edo Wiemken extends the Elder particularly prominent. His successor was his grandson Sibet Lubbenson. He lived on the Sibetsburg (today in the field of Wilhelmshaven ); there, he was attacked and killed by hamburgers. His brother in law Hajo Harlda moved the chief seat of the castle in Jever, which was already outside Rüstringens. Wiemkens descendants Edo Wiemken the Younger and his daughter Maria of Jever were received as outstanding figures in the history of the Jeverland.

The regional municipality Rüstringen was by the storm surges from the 12th to 15th century, where the Jade Bay was torn apart. The areas Boith Jada (east of the Jade = Butjadingen ) and Bova - Jatha (above = Bovenjadingen = west of the Jade ) had no land connection to each other. The western part, the Varel district, was once again torn apart by a storm surge, as was established in the northern part of the district Bant, in which the name Rüstringen remained. It consisted of the parishes Heppens, Neuende ( with the rest of the lost in the Jade Bay parish Bant ) and tar sands. This went on in Jeverland. Heppens and Neuende are today part of the city of Wilhelmshaven. The southern part of the district consisted of Varel Varel with the Frisian Wehde. All parts of the former and now torn apart Frisian country congregation came sooner or later to the Oldenburg region, first in 1523 Butjadingen, the Urban land and parts of the Frisian Wehde, most recently with the rule of Jever, which Russia ceded in 1818 to Oldenburg.

In his " Description of the Duchy of Oldenburg " writes Ludwig Kohli:

The extension of the term Rüstringen on Stedingen that can be found not only in Kohli, is probably a consequence of the Latin term ' terra Stedingorum Rustringi ( a) e ". Depending on whether on Terra ( "Country" ) or Stedingorum referring Rustringi ( a) e ( " Rüstringens ") (" the Stedinger " ), this can be interpreted as one that completely Stedingen was rüstringisch (including the barn Andes whereas, after the battle of Altenesch 1234 many fled Stedinger ), on the other hand also to the effect that the areas of the rüstringischen Stedinger ( the Urban land ) should be distinguished from those of the non- rüstringischen, originally Saxon Stedinger. Indeed, the formulation in Latin documents usually refers to the Urban land. William of Hodenberg describes the course of the southern border Rüstringens follows: You start in the west the bull sea, get lost in the middle of Wapel until its confluence with the Jade and north of Strückhausen and Hammelwarden about the Braker Sieltief into the Weser. Josef Wanke, however, notes that " the Rüstringer " had vacated only in the first decades of the 14th century, the area around the mouth Hunte and so the county Oldenburg gives access to the River Weser.

Christian Friedrich Strackerjan 1837 provides that: " The old Comitat Rust rings [ ... ] can be determined by its borders difficult to prove ," as had been associated with the ( non-) assignment of areas to Rüstringen political interests. Sure was just that the Weser have always formed the eastern boundary Rüstringens.

Subsequent use of the name

The name of the district Rüstringen was used. First was on the western shore of the Jade Bay a bailiwick and from 1902 an office Rüstringen formed from the rural communities Bant, Heppens and Neuende. Heppens 1907 city, 1911, the rural communities Bant and Neuende with Heppens were united to the city Rüstringen. Through union with Wilhelmshaven in 1937 disappeared the name Rüstringen as a city name, but the Protestant churches kept the name in. The town hall was much longer " the Rüstringer Rathaus". The city of Wilhelmshaven took the figure of the " Rüstringer Friesen " in their coat of arms as well as on the Wesermarsch. The home club of the Weser march is called Rüstringer Heritage Association and is represented in the international Frisian.