Sigmund Lebert
Sigmund Lebert, originally Samuel Levi ( to 1846 ) ( born December 12, 1821 in Ludwigsburg, † December 8, 1884 in Stuttgart ) was a German music teacher and co-founder of the Stuttgart Music School.
Life
Sigmund Lebert was born into a Jewish family and grew up poor in Ludwigsburg. After his musical talent was noticed Lebert 1835 went to Stuttgart, where Josef Abenheim ( 1804-1891 ), violinist in the court orchestra Württemberg, the piano and the harmony taught him. In addition, Lebert received vocal training. Abenheim to obtain a scholarship for his students at the Jewish Oberkirchenbehoerde in Stuttgart succeeded. This support, as well as fees he received for piano lessons, allowed Lebert, from 1837 to 1839 at the Prague Conservatory, among others, Johann Wenzel Tomaschek ( 1774-1850 ), Friedrich Dionys Weber ( 1766-1842 ), Josef Proksch ( 1794-1864 ) and Sigmund Goldschmidt (1815-1877) to study.
In 1839 he returned to Stuttgart and lived with his older brother Jacob Levi ( 1814-1883 ), who was employed as a court musician. Sigmund Lebert worked as a piano teacher and continued his musical training at Molique Bernhard (1802-1869), Royal Music Director and concertmaster in Stuttgart, continues. The mid- 1840s Lebert worked as a music teacher at a school in Ludwigsburg. Lebert converted 1846 German Catholicism, which had emerged in the era of pre-March period as oppositional, free religious movement. In 1850 he moved to Munich, where he made a name as a piano teacher and among other things, the seven-year Sophie Menter taught. Lebert tied in the music scene, which had been formed at the time of Maximilian II in Munich, numerous contacts. He met the pianist and composer Ludwig Stark (1831-1884) know who was his close collaborator.
After Lebert had moved back to Stuttgart, he founded in 1857 together with Ludwig Stark, the church musician Immanuel Faisst ( 1823-1894 ) and the music teacher and composer Wilhelm Speidel ( 1826-1899 ), the Stuttgart Music School. Previously, they could win some influential citizens of Stuttgart for their music teaching idea. On April 15, 1857, the music school with 60 pupils participated in Reilenschen house in Eberhardstraße 1 teaching operation. According to the will of its founders, the school performed a dual function: it was a training center for professional musicians and music school at the same time for the laity in the so-called " Dilettantenklasse ". In 1865 the establishment was renamed the Conservatory of Music. Only after the First World War, the two educational priorities of the school were finally separated. For music education broad sections of the population in 1919, the New Conservatory of Music, today's municipal Stuttgart Music School, formed and for the training of professional musicians the Württemberg State University was in 1921 in charge of Music (now the University of Music and Performing Arts Stuttgart). Already Sigmund Lebert had won renowned teachers and the Stuttgart Music School could secure a prominent place among the German conservatories their time.
1858 published Sigmund Lebert and Ludwig Stark in the Cotta Verlagsbuchhandlung the first edition of her first three -volume work " Large theoretical- practical piano school for the systematic instruction in all directions of piano playing from the very beginning up to the highest education ". With the second edition in 1863 they added a fourth volume. By 1914, experienced the "Piano School" numerous editions and was an extremely popular textbook for piano lessons. It also appeared in English, French, Russian and Italian editions, the latter under the title " Gran Metodo Teorico - Practico per lo studio del pianoforte ", which also received wide coverage in the Milanese music publisher Ricordi.
Lebert and Stark tried in their " piano school" for the first time, a systematic way piano technical problems and methodically to solve. For 50 years was her compendium as a standard work in the piano lessons. However, the recommended method of them match, an isolated finger and hand technique in which the arm should always remain calm, was from 1900 as obsolete and has been increasingly rejected. Rudolf Maria Wide Haupt (1873-1945) "natural piano technique " began to prevail.
Sigmund Lebert worked intensively with the careful scientific publishing of music literature. Together with Franz Liszt, who was friendly terms with him, he published eg machining of the piano concertos of Ludwig van Beethoven and the participation of Ignaz Lachner, Vinzenz Lachner and Immanuel Faisst created edits of the piano works of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.
To Lebert students included, inter alia, the pianists Anna Mealy (1846-1928) and Sophie Menter (1846-1918), the composer Otto Barblan (1860-1943) and the piano teacher Adolf Ruthardt ( 1849-1934 ).