St. Margrethen

St.Margrethen is a municipality in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.

• 4.1 Middle Ages

Geography

St.Margrethen is at the end of the Rhine valley, on the banks of the Old Rhine.

The community is located between St. Gallen and Bregenz directly on the Swiss- Austrian border, near the border triangle of DA -CH. The Old Rhine forms the border between Austria and Switzerland. The municipality is divided, near the settlement core, in different areas of different geographic characteristics. In the east, on the border with Au, the hero of the mountains they are with the Fort Museum and the Bruggerhorn. In the south, on the road to Walzenhausen the Schäflisberg, which has created primarily in the Villa - Houses stem rises. The vineyard is home to the historic castle vineyard. In between is the Quartier Heubüchel and Burghaldenstrasse. In the West, far from the village, the hamlet Ruderbach ',' which is urbanization technically more connected Rheineck is because with St.Margrethen itself, where there is also the former cable car station Rheineck - Walzenhausen that in the municipality of St.Margrethen was created. The area between Ruderbach and the core settlement called Romenschwanden. To the north of this, the recreation area extends on Donkey's Tail, which is a part of the Old Rhine and has a nature reserve. The population center of St.Margrethen is located between the main road 13 (south) and the A13 (north) in the range between Bruggerhorn (east) and Romenschwanden (west).

Neighboring municipalities are Au SG and Rheineck in the Canton of St. Gallen, Walzenhausen in the canton of Appenzell Outer Rhodes and Gaißau, maximum and Lustenau in Vorarlberg.

Population

Economy

Due to the location of St.Margrethen at the northern end of the Rhine Valley with its important Alpine passes and the proximity to the mouth of the Rhine into Lake Constance St.Margrethen has always been an important location for transportation and logistics companies. Currently, some transport companies and logistics centers have their location or a branch in St.Margrethen. The largest bonded warehouse of the region is located opposite the train station.

The boundary layer also explains the presence of the major Swiss banks such as UBS, Raiffeisen Bank, St. Galler Kantonalbank and regional financial institutions such as alpha Rhine Valley Bank, Rowena Bank and Volksbank AG.

With over 300 employees, the building is Parkett AG is the largest industrial employer in the community St.Margrethen. In the construction industry the Gautschi group stands out as a nationwide company operating from the mass of many small construction companies in the Rhine Valley. In the northeast of St.Margrethen the Rhine Park, which is the largest shopping center in the region on the Swiss side is.

Traffic

There is a regional, inter-regional express and Euro -located hotel by the Swiss Federal Railways, Austrian Federal Railways and German railway.

The Splügenpass was up to the opening of the Gotthard railway tunnel in 1881, the most important north-south connection. A desired by the Eastern Spliigen railway tunnel was never taken, despite corresponding commitments from the capital Bern in attack. In 1858 the railway line was opened to Chur, and by the railway connection in 1872 at Bregenz gained St.Margrethen and international connection.

With the opening of the road tunnel at the San Bernardino Pass in 1967 until the opening of the Gotthard road tunnel in 1980, the Rhine Valley important north-south route across and St.Margrethen important border crossing for traffic was back. The Customs St.Margrethen is plagued traffic, as there is from there to Bregenz ( Austria ) is a gap in the motorway network on the route Zurich -Munich and Munich -Milan and it is therefore often leads to traffic jams at the customs.

On March 23, 2013, the railway ÖBB of St.Margrethen via Lustenau to Lauterach after nearly two months of closure due to route expansion was put back into operation. In this context, two arch suspension bridges have been built in the area Bruggerhorn, each one just before it goes over the Rhine and the A 1 and the A 13. The section St.Margrethen - Bregenz is part of the HGV - Munich- Zurich.

The Altenrhein Airport is 10 km away and offers several daily scheduled flights to Vienna. Zurich Airport is 110 km away and Munich 225 km away.

St.Margrethen is also known as the eastern gateway to Switzerland.

History

St.Margrethen was in Roman times a major transportation hub to the historically important Alpine passes Spliigen, Julier, Septimer and San Bernardino. The Roman settlement was called Ad Rhenum and stood under the overall management of Brigantium.

Middle Ages

Named 808 Hostadio was St.Margrethen the center of the left-bank part of the Reichshof maximum belonging to the Rheingau whose western border 890 of the Oak Brook ( Töbelibach ) at Rheineck was. As of 1490 stood St.Margrethen the Confederates. The right to Lower Court, manorial and Kollatur subordinate to the Abbey of St. Gall. The area was secured with two castles. 1271 erected a castle on the hill hero. It was destroyed in 1405 by the people of Appenzell. Built in 1254, Castle Grimm stone was with the low court a fief of the lords of Grimm stone. 1418 purchased by the city of St. Gallen, the low court. 1483 became the Abbey of St. Gallen back full ownership of the rights. 1598 lifted St.Margrethen and the Appenzeller on the mutual Allmendfeld rights. 1612 divided St.Margrethen Peak and St John's High Allmendfeld the rights to each other.

Culture and sights

• Striking is located on one to three sides steeply sloping rock spur castle ruins Grimm stone from the Middle Ages. In addition, the fortress Heldsberg exist, an artillery fort ( built 1938-1940 ) from the period before the Second World War, as well as other well-preserved castles, noble seats and manors from the time when St.Margrethen still with the monastery of St. Gall connected had.
• At the northwestern edge of the village stands on a range of hills foothills of the Appenzeller country the old church of St. Margaret. It stands on the list of cultural assets of national significance in the canton of St. Gallen ( A- objects).
• Slightly above St.Margrethen is the monastery Grimm stone. It is known for its many natural remedies that are made from herbs grown in the monastery 's own garden in the old tradition.
• The vineyard castle is best reached by mountain railway Rheineck - Walzenhausen. On demand the train stops at the station yard. After a short walk you can reach the landmark.
• The mineral pool is based on a 300 -year tradition and offers a modern wellness area.
• The recreation area Bruggerhorn features: natural swimming pool, camping and tennis court.
• The Naherholungshebiet Alter Rhein in Ruderbach features: Vita obstacle course, hiking trails and a nature reserve.

Sons and daughters of the community

• Roland Zöffel ( b. 1938 ), cyclist
• Sepp Zellweger ( born 1963 ), Kunssturner and 24 - time Swiss champion, participants in two Olympic Games, three World Championships and three European Championships