Terrace (British Columbia)

Terrace is a city on the Skeena River in the western Canadian province of British Columbia. It is the seat of the Regional District of Kitimat - Stikine and forms to Prince Rupert the economically most important city in the sparsely populated region in the north of the province, which since the late 19th century by the railroad (Canadian National Railway ) and a trunk road ( Yellowhead Highway ) is attached. After years of growth, the population fluctuates. First she fell from 12,109 in 2001 to 11,320 in 2006, again easy to grow and then to 2011 to 11,486.

The Kitselas, which are among the Tsimshian, live for several thousand years in the region. Since the end of the 19th century dominated for over a century, the timber industry, which carried out its first products on the Skeena River, then by train and since the Second World War by road through Prince Rupert.

  • 2.1 Location
  • 2.2 climate
  • 2.3 Flora and Fauna
  • 3.1 Economics
  • 3.2 traffic

History

Early History

The ancestors of today's First Nations wandered in front of more than ten thousands of years in the region. Out of them, went with very strong local resistance, the Kitselas and Kitsumkalum out, two of the fourteen tribes of the Tsimshian, which are now distinguished by the state. They called the Skeena River in 1800 K'shian what about water from the clouds means'. The river was the single most important transport route and delivered the bulk of the food, although hunting and collecting activities have played a certain role.

Steamships, city foundation

The inaccessible region in 1866 presented the plans for the construction of a telegraph Association of America by Russia to Europe significant obstacles in the way. The steam boat went to Mumford with provisions and equipment to Kitsumkalum, and it took three days to Hazelton from the mouth.

Not until 1891 that succeeded in Caledonia to reach a ship of the Hudson 's Bay Company, to pass the Kitselas Canyon and Hazelton again. The Klondike Gold Rush led to a sharp increase in traffic in the years from 1897. However, this phase ended in September 1912, when the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway took over the transport.

The late founder of the city, George Little, came in March 1905, the Skeena. He bought the land on which the town was built. and the station was called Littleton. However, as in many places, the government intervened in order to avoid confusion with other places with the same name, such as Littleton, New Brunswick. Little, who contributed to the rail construction and construction through a sawmill, called his city therefore Terrace. In addition, he bequeathed to the railroad 47 acres of land. The granting of local government (incorporated as the Village Municipality ) for the church took place on 31 December 1927, since which the community chooses its representatives themselves

Terrace Mutiny

During the Second World War troops were concentrated in western Canada to protect against a feared Japanese invasion. When, however, wanted to send Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King on November 24 conscripts overseas ( conscription crisis of 1944), there was a violent revolt, which became known as the Terrace Mutiny until November 29.

Wooden boom and decline

1951, the city had 350 inhabitants. The city was one of the largest wood suppliers, due to the location of the Canadian Cellulose Company. Every year, up to the turn of the millennium, more than 50,000 trees felled and processed.

Geography

Location

The Hazelton Mountains lie to the west of the city, the Kitimat Ranges that belong to the coastal mountains to the east. The region is of volcanic origin. Glacial water masses have formed the terraces on both sides of the river. Terrace is located on one of these eponymous terraces.

The Skeena Valley is located in an area of temperate rain forest, consisting mainly of giant trees of life, hemlock and balsam fir. The river is very rich salmon.

Climate

Terrace has one, by the proximity of 60 km from the Pacific, temperate climate with a mean annual temperature of 6.3 ° C. It lies in January at -4.3 and in July 16.4 ° C, but can also increase to about 30 °.

The rainfall is 1160 mm per year, of which only 204 mm falling as snow. Thus, the rainfall is only about half as high as on the coast. The wettest months are October to December.

Flora and Fauna

Terrace is proud to introduce the so-called Kermodei or Spirit Bear to host a white bear (Ursus americanus Kermodei ), a proven since 1905 subspecies of the North American black bear. He adorns the city's seal.

Economy and infrastructure

Economy

The average income (median income ) of the population in 2005 was at C $ 24,613, which is only slightly below the average income of the entire province of British Columbia from C $ 24 867.

Terrace was with an annual consumption of around 50,000 as cedar poles designated tree trunks one of the largest suppliers of railway sleepers, building materials and suppliers of North American telephone and power lines, but so also one of the largest Waldvernichter North America. After the construction industry decreased less wood, the economy turned partially to the production of cellulose for the paper industry. This all-dominating industry prevented the establishment of other industries and accordingly low was the break-in, as the market for timber plummeted after 2000.

In 2001, the Skeena Cellulose Inc. It was acquired by the Terrace Lumber Co. and several local investors, but could only be kept from August 2005 to mid-2006. The cellulose mill was demolished.

One of the largest employers in the Mills Memorial Hospital.

Traffic

The railway is operated by VIA Rail, plays only a minor role for passenger transport, in contrast to road transport and the current through the Northwest Regional Airport Terrace - Kitimat air transport which connects the city with Prince George, Smithers and Vancouver. The regional airport (IATA: YXT, ICAO: CYXT, Transport Canada Identifier: - ) is located about 6 kilometers south of the city.

Terrace is among other things on the northern section of the Trans-Canada Highway (Highway 16), which passes through the site in an east-west direction. Furthermore happens in north-south direction of Highway 37, the city. The Nisga'a Highway (Highway 113), originally a logging road is a so-called secondary highway and leads from here to Gingolx the valley of the Nass River. The Old Skeena Bridge until 2002, the largest covered with wooden planks bridge in North America, was completed in 1925, 1944, the Skeena River Highway to Prince Rupert opened (153 km). In the 1970s, the New Skeena Bridge was built over Iceland by Ferry Thornhill.

Education

The place belongs to the School District 82 - Coast Mountains, since 1996 together with Kitimat. Only the Caledonia Senior Secondary School offers lessons for Grades 11 and 12 French lessons are offered for children up to grade 7 at the Jack Cook School.

1975 was the main campus of Northwest Community College in Terrace. Freda Diesing School At courses are offered in Native American art.

Media

In Terrace a weekly newspaper, since 1988, the Terrace and the Terrace Standard Daily appears.

In addition to CBC Radio One is with Première Chaîne a French-speaking, with Cfnr an Indian radio station.

The local television broadcasts are provided by CBC Television and SRC.

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