Thomas Arnold

Thomas Arnold ( born June 13, 1795 in Cowes on the Isle of Wight, † June 12, 1842 in Oxford ) was an English theologian and educator who a church for life and the educational system in England in the first half of the 19th century occupied a central position.

Thomas was born the son of a customs officer on the Isle of Wight. He attended Winchester School and studied at Corpus Christi College, Oxford Theology ( he received ecclesiastical ordinations ) and classical languages. In 1815 he became a Fellow of Oriel College, Oxford. After graduating he worked from 1819 first as a tutor of private pupils in Laleham active, then from 1828 as Rector of Rugby School in Rugby, which he transformed into a model for the English education school. Trips to the mainland nourished in him the sense of German literature, which he pursued as an editor and translator of Barthold Georg Niebuhr's Roman History ( " History of Rome ", unfinished, 1846-49, 3 vols, and often). He was one of the earliest and clearest representative of the broad church party (Broad Church Party ) within the Anglican Church and a staunch opponent of the Puseyism who approached more in the rite of the Catholic Church. In 1833 he published his book Principles of Church Reform.

In 1841 he became Professor of Modern History ( Regius Professor of Modern History) at the University of Oxford, but died June 12, 1842 unexpectedly of a heart attack. He is buried in the Chapel of Rugby School.

Internationally known were Arnold and his educational principles with the ideal of the "Christian Gentleman " (where also the sports and community games should not be neglected ) a few years later by the book Tom Brown's Schooldays years ( Tom Brown's School Days, 1857) by Thomas Hughes and its adaptations in the 20th and 21st centuries.

Arnold was with Mary Penrose, daughter of the minister John Penrose in Penryn, Cornwall, married and had with her three daughters and four sons, including the poet Matthew Arnold. Arnold is the great-grandfather of Aldous and Julian Huxley. Arnold had a small country estate in the Lake District in Ambleside, where he often spent the summer.

Writings

• The Christian Duty of Granting the Claims of the Roman Catholics, ( pamphlet ) Rugby, 1828th
• Sermons Preached in the Chapel of Rugby School, London: Fellowes, 1850 ( original 1832).
• As translator: The History of the Peloponnesian War by Thucydides, 3 vols, London: Fellowes, 1845.
• Principles of Church Reform, Oxford, Fellowes, 1833.
• (partly as a translation of Niebuhr): History of Rome, London: Fellowes, 3 volumes, 1838-1843.
• History of the later Roman Commonwealth, 1845
• Sermons: Christian Life, its Hopes, Fears and Close, London: Fellowes, 1842.
• Sermons: Christian Life, its Course, London, Fellowes, 1844.
• The Interpretation of Scripture, London, Fellowes, 1845.
• Introductory Lectures on Modern History, London: Longmans, Green & Co, 1842.