Waterfall Gully, South Australia
Waterfall Gully is a small suburb of Adelaide, the capital of the Australian state of South Australia. It is located about nine kilometers east of Adelaide's city center in the foothills of the Mount Lofty Ranges. The district includes most of a long gully with First Creek in the center and the Waterfall Gully Road along the bay. Is the waterfall that gave the name of the field at one end of the gully. He belongs to the administrative area Burnside City and is bordered to the north by the district of Burnside, in the northeast on Green Hill, in the southeast on the Cleland Conservation Park, on the southwest by Leawood Gardens and to the northwest by Mount Osmond.
Waterfall Gully has a long history and is considered a popular tourist attraction since the first settlers of Adelaide discovered the area in the 19th century. By some residents and the increasing of tourists visit the place has evolved considerably in recent years.
History
Aboriginal culture
In the mythology of Australian Aborigines Waterfall Gully and the surrounding Mount Lofty Ranges belong to the history of the ancestors Nganno. As he wandered through the land of the Kaurna Aborignes strain, Nganno was injured in a fight and lay down to die, so he created the Mount Lofty Ranges. The current name of the Greater Mount Lofty Parklands, Yurrebilla, is the name of the Kaurna for the twin hill Mount Lofty and Mount Bonython, which should be Ngannos ears.
James Milne Young, an early settler of the neighboring village Beaumont, described the Kaurna: "In every bay and every gully you can see their Wurlies ( simple houses of the Aborigines from branches and grass) and their fire at night ... often camp 500 to 600 in various places ... some behind the Botanical Gardens on the banks of the river; some of the mountains; some at Waterfall Gully. "
The Aborigines lived mainly on the River Torrens and the streams that flowed into it there, including the First Creek from Waterfall Gully. These were also the most valuable areas for new European settlers. They displaced the native population, which is also the confrontation with European diseases to which they had no natural immunity, decreased.
European colonization
The Europeans discovered Waterfall Gully shortly after the founding of Adelaide. The first Europeans who saw the First Creek Waterfall, were probably Brigham Hutchison and William Burt. The two men found him in April 1837, while they were looking for a way to the summit of Mount Lofty. They pointed out that the " wealth of plants and undergrowth at the edge of the creek, which is located in many places over our heads " a major obstacle in their ascension represented. The area around the waterfall was in 1884 declared a nature reserve.
The area developed into a tourist attraction for the early settlers of South Australia. During this time, however, the population of the neighboring community Burnside grew and demanded a new water supply. The First Creek, of the Waterfall Gully runs down and then flows into the River Torrens near the present-day botanical gardens, was seen as a perfect solution for water scarcity. The Hydraulic Engineers Department of the colony Adelaide built 1881-1882 a weir. It took around two million liters and was connected by a pipeline of Burnside. Through the establishment of farms and orchards further up the catchment area, the water quality deteriorated. At this time Adelaide, however, was supplied by the newer reservoirs in other areas such as Happy Valley.
Some dug in the late 19th century small mines where silver and lead aroused the interest of settlers from Cornwall. The mines were of low quality - especially compared to the adjacent Mine Wheal Watkins Glen Osmond. The gold rush of Victoria mid-19th century attracted many miners and young men from all over Australia and undid the last rush to the mines of Waterfall Gully from where the work was stopped a short time later.
By defining the new limits, some parts of Waterfall Gully in 1876 by the municipality of Crafers were (now Adelaide Hills ) transferred to the city of Burnside. At the beginning of the 20th century, the area was known primarily for agricultural use, but in the middle of the century saw the houses in the Gully. 1939 threatened some bushfire Waterfall Gully. More bush fire in the early 1940s focused on significant damage, because the efforts of the Second World War took supplies and personnel of the fire department to complete.
1945, the Government of South Australia bought a large part of the territory of the Cleland Conservation Park is today, due to the use of Professor Sir John Burton Cleland. Most of the land including the gullies in 1963 united to build the park, east of the gully up to the summit of Mount Lofty and extends north to Greenhill Road.
On the night of November 7, 2005, a devastating flood inundated several areas in Adelaide. Waterfall Gully was one of the hardest hit suburbs: Bob Stevenson, the duty officer of the State Emergency Service (SES), commented: "There is an area called Waterfall Gully Road, in the foothills of the mountains, where one of the streams falls down and pretty many houses are affected there ... there were about 40 houses alone on this road. "land were flooded, two bridge plunge almost 100 meters and a road were washed away. The workers of the municipality of Burnside, the Country Fire Service (CFS ) and the SES repaired the initial damage at night, during the reconstruction of the infrastructure began at the end of November. Most of the road was inaccessible and access to the suburb was only allowed residents and helpers for the rest of the month.
Waterfall Gully is on average 234 meters above sea level and has an area of 6.08 km ². The most prominent geographical features are the Gully and the waterfall. 300 meters from the start of the Waterfall Gully Road is Langman Reserve, a large park that was created in the late 1960s in a former quarry and is dedicated to the former Mayor of Burnside, W. Langman. The northeastern side of the gully belongs essentially to the Cleland Conservation Park and many hiking trails in the park. Most of the land in the southwest is owned by the municipality Burnside. Again, there are many hiking trails.
The European colonization caused a significant change in the indigenous flora. The Settlers precipitated numerous eucalyptus trees ( Manna Gum and Eucalyptus globulus) to use the land for agriculture can. The large proportion of non-native vegetation in the gully is mainly the result of the sudden end of agriculture. Olive trees and other imported species could grow without being disturbed by farm animals that had previously kept relatively bare hills. The community of Burnside has prompted programs to introduce the native vegetation again and protect, but there was little progress in removing alien plants such as olives, bamboo and blackberries. The introduction of European plants did not affect the native wildlife. Many unique Australian animals such as kangaroos, koalas and possums can be spotted on the trails.
In the near Water Full Gully, two kilometers away, is Chambers Gully, which served as a landfill, but was established in the last decade through voluntary work again as a park. It contains some ancient ruins, hiking trails and sources and is home to numerous indigenous species. The successful amendment to the park is reflected by the return of several frog species.
Traffic
Cars are the preferred mode of transport in the suburb. According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics 90 % of the population go by car to work. Waterfall Gully is connected via Waterfall Terrace and Glynburn Road and Greenhill Road, the main road from Adelaide. The traffic density is compared to the northern and southern suburbs relatively low and significantly better than in other cities. The center of Adelaide can be reached by car in 15 minutes
Because of the remoteness of the area lay very few people commute to work on foot and no one by bicycle ( 1.2%), which is in contrast to the Adelaide Metropolitan Area and the city of Burnside is as a whole. Because of the bad connections go only 4% with the bus to work. The fastest connection for Waterfally Gully is the bus 142 of the Adelaide Metro, which runs from North Terrace to Glynburn Road, which is a few hundred meters from the start of the Waterfall Gully Road.
The Waterfall Gully Road is very curvy and in some places quite narrow. This has led to concerns about the safety of pedestrians, as the road of tourists, bush walkers and cyclists will be used. Therefore, the community Burnside has foot and set trails at different sections.
Attractions
The main attraction of Waterfall Gully is the waterfall First Falls. It is located at the southeast end of the road in Cleland Conservation Park. The weir at the bottom of the waterfall was built in the late 19th century and was part of the early water supply for Adelaide.
Development in this area has progressed since the establishment of a restaurant. The architect Albert Selmar Conrad and his brother from South Australia, who were of German descent, built 1911/1912, the Waterfall Gully Restaurant. Before the First World War, still spoke of the " German character " of the building, but now it only describes his " Alpine " style. It was in 1914 extended and transformed in the late 1950s in a restaurant. Later it was closed but opened again in the late 1990s and recently renovated.
Other trails wind around the hills in the area of Waterfall Gully, which branch off from Chambers Gully, Woolshed Gully or the area around First Creek. The objectives include Crafers, Eagle on the Hill, Mount Lofty, Mount Osmond and the Cleland Wildlife Park in the Cleland Conservation Park. The roads were completely redone in the past ten years and some older and more dangerous routes were sealed because of the difficult terrain. Many offer views of Adelaide and the gully itself and one of them is connected to the 1200 km long Heysen Trail.
Earlier excavations explain the silver and lead mines that were operated in the 19th century here. Many still exist and some are still accessible. The built primarily by workers from Cornwall mines are about 1.7 meters high and one meter wide. They were not as successful as the richer mines of Wheal Watkins, but they are still interesting for those who find it. The mines are very secluded and relatively unknown.
Green Hill Springs at the Waterfall Gully Road, the local population of Adelaide has supplied with spring water since 1952. The water has a therapeutic effect is attributed; In the past, they treated patients in hospitals so. The source located at the beginning of the family.
Policy
Waterfall Gully can be described as socially conservative and economically liberal - suburb. Many of the wealthy residents have benefited from the economic policies of the coalition government. They are mainly of British descent and show an above-average religiosity. This fits well with the demographics of a typical voter of the Liberals. Consequently, the Liberals have achieved very good results in the last two elections with around 65%. Progressive parties like the Labor or the Democrats got most of the remaining votes.
Waterfall Gully is part of the State Electoral District Bragg, which since 2002 the Liberal Vickie Chapman projects. In federal politics, the suburb is assigned to the district Stuart and is represented since 1993 by Christopher Pyne. The results shown above were obtained from the nearest polling station at St David 's Church Hall at the Glynburn Road ( Burnside ).