Xavier Martínez

Xavier Martínez ( born February 7, 1869 in Guadalajara, Mexico, † January 13, 1943 in Carmel -by-the -Sea, California ) was a California tonalistischer artists of the late 19th and early 20th century, the U.S. citizenship acquired. He was the founder of the California Society of Artists and associated with known artists of the era, including Francis McComas, Childe Hassam and Arthur Mathews.

Childhood in Guadalajara

He began to sketch his classmates and teachers at a young age in the public school. After school, he worked in the bookstore of his father as a bookbinder and printer. He learned French and wrote poems, admired the poetry of Goethe, Schiller, and several French poets. In his later autobiographical writings, he remembers how his mother as 10-year taught him the movements of the heavenly bodies. He reflected that he had the first finding of a rhythm in the order of things at this time. At the age of 13, he began attending the Liceo de Varones, where he studied pre-Columbian archeology and his Tarascan heritage. He distinguished himself in Indian arts and painted a copy of Titian's Entombment in oil.

San Francisco 1893-1897

Upon arrival in San Francisco Martinez visited the California School of Design, also known as the Mark Hopkins Institute of Art, he graduated with high honors and received the Golden Medal for Excellence Avery in all artistic media. He immediately got an offer as assistant to the institute's director, Arthur Frank Mathews. He was a member of the exclusive Bohemian Club.

Paris 1897-1901

In Paris he attended the École des Beaux -Arts Atelier Gerome. In 1898, he sent a number of paintings with Parisian scenes back to the Bohemian Club for an exhibition. Among them were Ils de Corbeau Market in Arcucil Cachan and Garden of Luxembourg, near the Pont Neuf in 1900, he attended the Academy Eugène Carrière and won an honorable mention at the World's Fair (1900) for his painting of Marion Holden.

Return to San Francisco, Mexico Travel and Marriage

In 1901 he shared a studio in San Francisco with Gottardo Piazzoni and this year has been a citizen of the United States. He advertised as a portrait painter, but also so that continued to paint landscapes. In 1902 he helped found the California Society of Artists and placed twice, including the Mark Hopkins Institute of Art Among the paintings that were shown were: By the Lake, Le Reve, New Year in Chinatown, By the Sea.

In 1904 he traveled to Tepic, Mexico; On the occasion of his return, he held an exhibition in the Bohemian Club, which included the painting The Outcast and Paris La Nuit. In 1905 he returned with his friend, the artist Maynard Dixon back to Guadalajara. Back in San Francisco, he held a number of exhibitions, including one in New York, which emphasized his recent Mexican genre paintings. He created one of his most important works in this year: The Prayer of the Earth.

After the San Francisco earthquake of 1906, he moved across the bay to Piedmont and met Elsie Whitaker, the daughter of the author Herman Whitaker. On October 17, 1907, he married her in Oakland, California and began to build a studio in Piedmont. This year he painted The Road, now owned by the California Palace of the Legion of Honor

Career as a teacher

In 1908 he started at the California Academy of Arts and Crafts to teach in Oakland, which was later known as California College of the Arts. From 1909 to 1912 he organized numerous exhibitions and taught several classes at the Academy in Berkeley and Monterey. In 1912 he helped found the California Society of Etchers; the following year he was elected to the National Geographic Society and received a key to the Capitol Club in Monterey. Also in 1913, he traveled with Francis McComas for painting in the Arizona desert. On August 26, 1913 as daughter Micaela was born.

1914, the American Impressionist Childe Hassam and Edward Simmons came to Piedmont to Martínez ' to see desert paintings. The following year he exhibited at the Panama - Pacific International Exposition (1915 ) from ( where he won an honorable mention ) and the Golden Gate Park Museum in San Francisco. During all this period he had exhibitions in New York, Philadelphia and San Francisco. Notable paintings from this time are Head of a Girl, The Storm, Piedmont Hills and Lake Merritt.

From 1916 to 1920 he has had numerous exhibitions, including at the Palace of Fine Arts, The San Francisco Art Association and the Hotel Oakland. One of his most famous paintings of this era is The Bathers, today in the Crocker Art Museum. He also taught a course in costume and Drapierungsdesign addition to his painting classes.

Martínez was in 1921 a member of the American Federation of Arts. In the following years he continued to exhibit, but was increasingly appointed as a judge to judge the work of other artists. In 1935 he showed The Green Moon at the San Francisco Art Museum. In 1939 he presented the portrait of Elsie on the Golden Gate International Exposition, Treasure Iceland, from. Martínez was in 1940 selected as one of three to represent (along with Fra Junípero Serra and William Keith ) in the California Hall of Fame at the World Fair in New York.

Permanent exhibitions

Xavier Martínez ' paintings can be found in the following museums:

• California Palace of the Legion of Honor, an art museum in San Francisco
• Crocker Art Museum, Sacramento, California
• Oakland Museum of California

Bibliography

• Xavier Martínez, Aztecas - Naluatlecas or Mexica, California Arts and Architecture, (1935 )
• George W. Neubert, Xavier Martínez (1869-1943), Oakland Art Museum ( 1974)
• Barbara Novak, American Painting of the Nineteenth Century, Praeger Publishers, New York ( 1969)
• Kevin Starr, Americans and the California Dream (1850-1915), Oxford Press, New York ( 1973)

Swell

• Xavier Timoteo Martinez Orozco - painter
• A History of Mexican Americans in California: Historic Sites
• Paul and Susan Bingham: About Maynard Dixon ( 1875-1946 ). 2007, accessed on 12 January 2013 ( English).
• Twilight and Reverie: California Tonalist Painting 1890-1930

• American painter
• Mexican artist
• University teachers (California College of the Arts )
• Person (Guadalajara, Mexico)
• Painter of Tonalism
• Born in 1869
• Died in 1943
• Man