Bănița

Banita [ bənitza ] ( German Bansdorf, Hungarian Banica ) is a municipality in the district of Hunedoara in Transylvania, Romania.

The place is also known by the German name Banitza.

Geographical location

The municipality is located in northeastern banita the Retezat Mountains, in the historic district chair Petrozsény of Hunyader county (county iron market ) in the south of Transylvania. In the south of the district of Hunedoara is the town of the same name Banita creek, a right tributary of the Eastern Jiu ( a source of the river Jiu ). On the European road E 79 and in 1870 set in operating railway Simeria - Petrosani, the place is eight kilometers west of Petrosani ( Petro 's ); the district capital Deva ( Deva ) is located approximately 95 kilometers northwest of Banita away.

History

The place banita in 1770 first mentioned. On the basis of archaeological finds in the nearby cave Peştera Bolii, a settlement of the region, however - according to data from Téglás G. and M. Roska - dating back to the prehistoric times.

In a marble quarry were conglomerates - similar to the Roman -; above the quarry, the remains of stone buildings and brick found.

Population

At the official survey of 1850 lived on the territory of the present municipality of 1,044 people. 1,038 of these were Romanians, four Roma and two Magyars. The highest population ( 2,013 ) - and at the same time the Romanians ( 1953 ) - was reached in 1966. The highest population of the Magyars (204 ) in 1900, the Germans ( 30) in 1890 and reaching the Roma ( 7) 1992. In addition, some residents as Slovaks ( highest population 17, 1890), Ukrainians ( highest population ten, 1900 ) and as Serbs ( highest population two, 1930) designated.

On 31 August 2011, at a preliminary census in the town of Banita, in 490 households 1,190 people were counted. The main occupation of the population is livestock.

Attractions

• In banita the remains of a Dacian fortress, at the highest point (902 m) of the said by the locals Piatra Cetăţii or Dealul Bolii collection and at the foot of the limestone cave Pestera Bolii, as well as the remains of a Roman camp, on the Jigorul Mare called by the locals mountain ( 1501 m ⊙ 45.5193723.30612 ), are listed buildings.
• The ruins of a round defensive tower in 1528 on a hill ( ⊙ 45.4610223.20835 ) about 100 meters southeast of the eingemeindeten village Crivadia ( Kriwaden ) away, built with a diameter of about 30 meters, is a listed building.
• The Natural Park Cheile Crivadiei on Crivadia Bach - a left tributary of the Strei - an area of ​​about 10 hectares and the Grădiştea Muncelului - Cioclovina Nature Park.