Calystegia

Beautiful bindweed ( Calystegia pulchra )

The fence winds ( Calystegia ) are a genus of the family of wind plants ( Convolvulaceae ). About half of the 30 species are limited in their distribution to California, the others are widespread.

  • 5.1 Notes and references
  • 5.2 Literature

Description

Fence winds are prostrate or erect to twining herbaceous plant which can reach a length of up to several meters. They form rhizomes or woody at the base easily. The leaves are petiolate to nearly sessile, the leaf blades are elongated to spear- shaped or arrow-shaped, rarely they are also fußförmig.

The inflorescences are in the axils of foliage leaves, they consist of a single flower or few-flowered cymes. The two bracteoles are persistent, sepal -like and are just below the calyx. They are ovate, occasionally bulged saccular and enclose the cup. Only occasionally they are removed from the cup, and are shaped pfriemförmig or deciduous leaf-like.

The sepals are formed almost the same and remain stable even in the fruit. The crown completely fused together petals is white, pink or pale yellow colored, funnel-shaped, glabrous and has five distinct bands in the middle of the petals on. The same polymorphic stamens do not protrude above the crown out. Your dust bag free from spherical, pantoporate ( provided with uniformly distributed pores ) and not prickly pollen grains. The ovary is single chamber and contains four ovules. The stylus does not extend beyond the crown and carries two club-shaped scars.

The fruits are spherical, hairless, not dehiscent capsules. They contain four seeds with smooth or finely warty surface.

Dissemination

The species of the genus of the fence winds ( Calystegia ) occur mainly in temperate areas, occasionally they also reach in tropical areas. About half of the species of the genus are endemic to find in California.

System

Outer systematics and phylogenetics

Within the family of wind plants in the genus the tribe Convolvuleae is classified. Besides Calystegia this tribe the genera of the winches ( Convolvulus ) and the Australian endemic genus Polymeria be classified according to the current view, continue. Other genera that were formerly assigned to the tribe, include the Morning Glory (Ipomoea ), Jacquemontia, Evolvulus and Wilonia, however, molecular studies showed that these species can not be assigned to the tribe. The genus of the fence winds ( Calystegia ) was demonstrated in the studies as monophyletic, but is within the winches ( Convolvulus ) settled, so this genus is paraphyletic.

Inside systematics

Within the genus about 30 species can be distinguished. Since many species have overlapping ranges, and there may exist transitional forms, many of these forms have also been described in type - level. However, they are now usually only recognized as subspecies. Follows is the selection of the species and, unless marked by References:

  • Calystegia atriplicifolia Hallier f
  • Calystegia catesbeiana Pursh
  • Calystegia collina (Greene) Brummitt
  • Calystegia fraterniflora ( Mack. & Bush ) Brummitt
  • Calystegia fulcrata ( A. Gray ) Brummitt
  • Calystegia hederacea Wall.
  • Calystegia japonica Choisy
  • Calystegia longipes ( S. Watson ) Brummitt
  • True bindweed ( Calystegia sepium (L.) R.Br. )
  • Calystegia sericata (House) C.R.Bell
  • Forest bindweed ( Calystegia sylvatica Choisy )
  • Beach morning glory ( Calystegia soldanella (L.) Roem. & Schult. )
  • Calystegia spithamaea (L.) Pursh
  • Calystegia stebbinsii Brummitt
  • Calystegia subacaulis Hook. & Arn.
  • Calystegia tuguriorum R.Br. ex Hook.

Pictures

Beautiful bindweed ( Calystegia pulchra )

True bindweed ( Calystegia sepium )

Beach morning glory ( Calystegia soldanella )

Calystegia stebbinsii

Swell

Asterids Solanales Ovary (botany) Stigma (botany) Digital Object Identifier
258407
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