Agaricus bitorquis

City - mushroom (Agaricus bitorquis )

The city - mushroom (Agaricus bitorquis ), also city - Egerling or vaginal Egerling, is a species of fungus in the family of mushroom relatives ( Agaricaceae ).

Features

Macroscopic characteristics

The fruiting bodies of the city - mushrooms is about 6-9 cm high and 4-12 cm wide. The hat is young, almost hemispherical, later upholstered shaped and then flattens uneven. The hat skin is young white and smooth, gray-white, aged and broken in the center sometimes felderig on. Often the surface is covered with Erdresten and easily turns yellow. The brim is long bent down, curled up, towering above the slats and is sometimes hung with Velumresten. The free-standing fins are pale flesh-colored in young specimens, later purple gray and aged purple black with white flaky cutting. The spore powder is dark brown in color. The cylindrical, sometimes slightly tapered stem is short and stocky, he is about 4-7 cm long and 1.5-2 cm thick and is whitish in color, he turns yellow not unlike the hat. Characteristic of the city and mushroom is the double, removable down ring. The pretty hard flesh is white and runs in the average of brownish red. It smells pleasantly sour and almond-like and tastes mild and nutty.

Microscopic characteristics

The elliptical spores are 5-6.5 microns long and 4-5 microns wide, cheilocystidia are present but inconspicuous.

Ecology and phenology

The city and mushroom is a saprobiontischer bottom dwellers, the fruktifiziert especially on roads and roadsides or on sidewalks, on vegetation -free or low grassy places in gardens, cemeteries and parks, less frequently along forest paths. It grows under various deciduous trees or in the sun hardly to very nutrient-rich soils, which to base rich and dry to fresh can be weakly acidic. The fungus is able to break through gravel and even asphalt pavements.

In Central Europe the fruiting bodies appear uniformly from spring to autumn.

Dissemination

The incidence of urban mushrooms extending from South and North America to Asia and Europe. In Europe, the species from the Mediterranean region over France, the Netherlands, Central Europe has spread to Poland, Estonia and Ukraine. The city and mushroom is scattered in Germany or locally weakly disseminated.

Importance

The city and mushroom is edible, however, fruiting bodies are to busy roads or of dogs frequented areas because of pollution or the risk of parasites recording not for human consumption.

Swell

• Ewald Gerhardt: BLV manual mushrooms. 3 edition. BLV, Munich 2002, ISBN 978-3-405-14737-2 ( 639 pages; single-volume edition of the BLV leaders mushrooms Intensive 1 and 2).
• Andreas Gminder: Mushroom Fungi: Gilled mushrooms III ( Dunkelblättler ). In: German Krieglsteiner Josef (ed. ): The Great Mushrooms of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 5, Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 978-3-8001-3572-1.
• Josef Breitenbach, Fred Kränzlin: Fungi of Switzerland. Agarics second part. Vol 4, Mykologia, Luzern (CH) 1995, ISBN 3-85604-040-4 ( 370 pages; 465 species with descriptions, location and finding information, micro drawings and color images ).