Beer bottle

Beer bottle are such as beverage cans and drums of the containers is filled into the beer, in order to preserve it, and shielding from external influences.

History

At the beginning of the 20th century, the beer bottle broke off gradually until then usual barrel aging. With the introduction of deposit on drinks cans in the early 2000s pushed the beer bottle as a reusable bottle in Germany, the share of beer cans on consumption volume back. The " six-packs " (ie, six 0.33-liter bottles with cardboard packaging ) are in Germany today mostly reusable bottles rather than disposable containers.

Material and Equipment

The bottles of beer are made largely of glass, but come since the early 2000s, plastic bottles in use. Most beer bottles are sealed with crown caps. Some breweries also return to resealable flip-top bottles, as they were common before 1892 and the introduction of the crown cap. For plastic bottles ( rare glass bottles ) Screw caps are applied. Beer bottles are usually offered with deposit, in addition to reusable bottles and disposable bottles are used. For beer, there are non-returnable bottles with a screw- through special design of the bottle neck bottle caps. Beer bottles come individually or box, in the retail industry. There are the (formerly ) common wood boxes with 12 bottles. Since the 1980s, container came with three of six carriers ( " six-packs " ) of 0.5 -liter bottles or four " six-pack " of 0.33 liter bottle on the market, sometimes eight container. General common are boxes with 9, 10, 11, 20 bottles and 0.33 liter bottles with 20, 24, 25 or 30 bottles of beer for 0.5 - liter bottles. A standard 0.5 -liter bottle weighs approximately 850 to 900 g including crown corks, filling and labels.

In part, bottles, preferably provided from the upper price segments with embossing, thus these bottles seem more significant. Frequently also should labels be placed centered on these embossing on the bottle, for which the bottles must be aligned according to the labeling before the labeling process.

Bottle shapes

Initially there was mold having a cylindrical body and a tapered neck, which ended in the closure, the traditional wine bottle is trying to match. Since the 1960s, these bottles were the Steinieflaschen ( because of the shape and tuber, called in the Rhineland also Stubbi ) supplements, which have a better resistance to breakage when dropped. In Germany until the late 1990s for 0.5 liters was largely the so-called Euro - bottle standard. Thereafter generally were converted to the so-called NRW bottle. Today often Longneckflaschen ( long-neck bottles) are encountered due to the brand positioning. As the new bottle shape a renewal of format-dependent bottles guide parts would have been connected with the filling machines, retained some breweries reasons of cost, the old NRW bottle, smaller breweries also the Euro - bottle case.

Color

Beer is usually sold in the colored bottles, in order to avoid light degradation of the taste due to the hop bitter compounds in 3-methyl -2-butene -1 - thiol, which is conveyed by UVA rays. Amber bottles here have a measurably better filtering effect than green, which until the 1970s, spread equally. The Science Magazine Quarks & Co could ( brown, green and clear) confirm a change of taste in stored beer in the sun, according to the bottle color. Can the beer protected from light (which is not always the case), the glass color is insignificant. Due to changes in production processes in the glass industry almost exclusively brown bottles come for beer in the trade. Some brands such as Pilsner Urquell, Beck's, Jever, Wicküler, Brinkhoff's, Einbeck, DAB, Heineken, Carlsberg or Ottakringerstraße use the green bottle color as an additional mark of identity.

For beer mixes both green and brown bottles, but also crystal clear or blue are used. Partly this is to use the market position effective advertising. The requirements for mixed beer beverages other than those for beers.

Bottle sizes and national differences

The usual volume of beer bottles ( " bottle size " ) changed several times. Below are some information about common today bottle sizes in different countries:

• Initially liter bottles were common in Germany. Increasingly, half-liter bottles prevailed and since the 1950s bottles of 0.33 liters are in addition common.
• In Switzerland, were up in the 1990s returnable bottles of 0.58 liters usual. Today, Europe's standardized returnable dominate with 0.33 and 0.5 liters. Regional liter bottles are still in use.
• In Austria are mainly returnable bottles of 0.5 liters - usually the "NRW - bottle " - in use. Some varieties are offered in disposable bottles with quarter - and third - liters.
• In Belgium sizes of bottles of 0.25 liters and 0.33 liters are common. Bottles of 0.375 liter be used for lambic, otherwise there are bottles up to the size of three liters ( Chimay ).
• In Denmark, for native varieties size of 0.33 liter standard. They are usually sold in boxes of 30 bottles (0.33 l × 30 = 9.9 l). There are deviations ( boxes with 24 bottles of 0.33 liters, other bottle sizes)
• In France, bottles are common with a size of 0.25 liters and 1 liter.
• In Brazil also bottle sizes of 0.6 liters are used.
• In Italy 0.33 - and 0.66 -liter bottles usual.
• In Spain and Portugal are 0.25 - and 1- liter bottles and doses of 0.33 or 0.5 liter common.
• In Sweden, there is no standard size bottles. Native varieties that have no real precedence over international brands, apparently a consequence of the Systembolaget: there is a strictly regulated state-owned alcohol monopoly; Alcohol is sold in state-run outlets. Beer is not a 'people drink '.
• In Argentina, the standard size in the supermarket or at the kiosk 1 liter, the standard size in the pub is 0.66 or 0.75 liter, 0.33 liter less frequently.
• In many Eastern European countries can be found beer bottles made of plastic, containing up to 2.5 liters of beer.
• In South Asia, the default size is 0.7 liters.
• In Australia, the sizes dominate 0.375 liters and 0.8 liters.

Stability

Empirical values ​​for the stability of a Neuflasche and their durability during the product life cycle may vary.

Ecological aspects

In a life cycle assessment to compare different beverage packaging using three case studies from the year 2010 IFEU comes to the following conclusion: