Bignonia capreolata
Bignonia
Bignonia is a plant from the family of Bignoniaceae ( Bignoniaceae ). It is the only species of the genus Bignonia.
Description
Bignonia is a vine whose phloem always occurs in a number of multiples of 4 in the cross section of the stem axis. The branches are turning round, hairless hairy and pubescent. You have no glands, but lines between the petioles. The pseudo- stipules are herbaceous. The leaves are dreifiedrig, the middle pinnate leaf is transformed into a much divided tendrils with adhesive disks.
The inflorescences are short, axillary, and accompanied by bracts cymes. The fat and glandular occupied calyx is cup-shaped and filled with irregular or no existing calyx lobes. The outer side of the crown is dull red or orange, yellow is the inner side. The petals are fused Roehrig, bent the corolla tube and thick. The four stamens are not above the crown beyond the anthers are glabrous and consist of straight counters. The ovary is cylindrical and covered with scales, each carpel containing two rows arranged ovules. The flower base is circular.
The fruits are elongated, linealische, flattened capsules that become woody, covered with Korkporen and are hairless. The seeds are winged hairless and wide.
System
Within the Bignoniaceae ( Bignoniaceae ) Bignonia is classified in the tribe Bignonieae. Molecular biological studies place the species together with Cydista, Clystostoma, Phryganocydia, Potamoganos, Saritaea, Roentgenia, Mussatia and a species of the genus Tanaecium in the so-called mimetic clade. This name refers to the fact that it is assumed that the plants provide, no incentive for pollinators, for example in the form of nectar, but attract pollinators by mimicry or deception.
Dissemination
The distribution area of Bignonia is located in the south-eastern North America.
Botanical history
The name of Bignonia leads back to a 1719 published description in Joseph Pitton de Tournefort work Institutiones Rei Herbariae, roughly the scope of the present family of trumpet flower plants ( Bignoniaceae ) includes. Carl Linnaeus first seen in his works Species Plantarum (1753 ) and the fifth edition of Genera Plantarum ( 1754) 13 species within the genus Bignonia and placed them in his Didynamia Angiospermia. In later publications he describes other species of the genus.
Different views on the systematics within the present family of trumpet flower plants ( Bignoniaceae ) the number of the Bignonia attributed species over time varies widely: A first major division of the genus comes from Antoine- Laurent de Jussieu in his Genera Plantarum of 1789, in he shares the Bignonia described previously in various genres. By further discoveries and systematic regrouping of the genus in 1802, however, attributed by Carl Ludwig Willdenow already 54 species; in the first major monograph of the family by Augustin- de Candolle Pyrame ( published posthumously in 1845 ) is as high as 173 species. A better subdivision of the family into genera is the Genera Plantarum in which, however, mention of George Bentham and Joseph Dalton Hooker that no species number. The genus Bignonia the purposes of this publication, however, by Karl Moritz Schumann in the treatises on the family in the natural plant families (1894 ) and the Flora Brasiliensis ( 1896-1897 ) divided into smaller genera.